PMID- 35056418
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220124
LR  - 20220128
IS  - 1648-9144 (Electronic)
IS  - 1010-660X (Print)
IS  - 1010-660X (Linking)
VI  - 58
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Jan 11
TI  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Mycobacterium avium 
      Complex Infection Presenting as Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy 
      in a Young AIDS Patient.
LID - 10.3390/medicina58010110 [doi]
LID - 110
AB  - Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can restore protective immune responses against 
      opportunistic infections (OIs) and reduce mortality in patients with human 
      immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. Some patients treated with ART may 
      develop immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Mycobacterium avium 
      complex (MAC)-related IRIS most commonly presents as lymphadenitis, soft-tissue 
      abscesses, and deteriorating lung infiltrates. However, neurological 
      presentations of IRIS induced by MAC have been rarely described. We report the 
      case of a 31-year-old man with an HIV infection. He developed productive cough 
      and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) three months after 
      the initiation of ART. He experienced an excellent virological and immunological 
      response. Sputum culture grew MAC. The patient was diagnosed with MAC-related 
      IRIS presenting as CIDP, based on his history and laboratory, radiologic, and 
      electrophysiological findings. Results: Neurological symptoms improved after 
      plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment. To our knowledge, 
      this is the first reported case of CIDP due to MAC-related IRIS. Clinicians 
      should consider MAC-related IRIS in the differential diagnosis of CIDP in 
      patients with HIV infections following the initiation of ART.
FAU - Cheng, An-Che
AU  - Cheng AC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2312-6613
AD  - Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical 
      Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan.
FAU - Lin, Te-Yu
AU  - Lin TY
AD  - Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine, 
      Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, 
      Taiwan.
FAU - Wang, Ning-Chi
AU  - Wang NC
AD  - Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine, 
      Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, 
      Taiwan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20220111
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Medicina (Kaunas)
JT  - Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
JID - 9425208
SB  - IM
MH  - *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
MH  - Adult
MH  - *HIV Infections/complications/drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/complications/diagnosis
MH  - Male
MH  - Mycobacterium avium Complex
MH  - *Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/complications/diagnosis/drug 
      therapy
MH  - *Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating/diagnosis
PMC - PMC8779113
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HIV
OT  - Mycobacterium avium complex
OT  - chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
OT  - immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/01/22 06:00
MHDA- 2022/01/27 06:00
PMCR- 2022/01/11
CRDT- 2022/01/21 01:14
PHST- 2021/11/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/01/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/01/21 01:14 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/01/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - medicina58010110 [pii]
AID - medicina-58-00110 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/medicina58010110 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Jan 11;58(1):110. doi: 10.3390/medicina58010110.