PMID- 35087372 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230315 IS - 1662-4548 (Print) IS - 1662-453X (Electronic) IS - 1662-453X (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2021 TI - Frontal-Sensory Cortical Projections Become Dispensable for Attentional Performance Upon a Reduction of Task Demand in Mice. PG - 775256 LID - 10.3389/fnins.2021.775256 [doi] LID - 775256 AB - Top-down attention is a dynamic cognitive process that facilitates the detection of the task-relevant stimuli from our complex sensory environment. A neural mechanism capable of deployment under specific task-demand conditions would be crucial to efficiently control attentional processes and improve promote goal-directed attention performance during fluctuating attentional demand. Previous studies have shown that frontal top-down neurons projecting from the anterior cingulate area (ACA) to the visual cortex (VIS; ACA(VIS)) are required for visual attentional behavior during the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT) in mice. However, it is unknown whether the contribution of these projecting neurons is dependent on the extent of task demand. Here, we first examined how behavior outcomes depend on the number of locations for mice to pay attention and touch for successful performance, and found that the 2-choice serial reaction time task (2CSRTT) is less task demanding than the 5CSRTT. We then employed optogenetics to demonstrate that suppression ACA(VIS) projections immediately before stimulus presentation has no effect during the 2CSRTT in contrast to the impaired performance during the 5CSRTT. These results suggest that ACA(VIS) projections are necessary when task demand is high, but once a task demand is lowered, ACA(VIS) neuron activity becomes dispensable to adjust attentional performance. These findings support a model that the frontal-sensory ACA(VIS) projection regulates visual attention behavior during specific high task demand conditions, pointing to a flexible circuit-based mechanism for promoting attentional behavior. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Norman, Bateh, Maccario, Cho, Caro, Nishioka, Koike and Morishita. FAU - Norman, Kevin J AU - Norman KJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Bateh, Julia AU - Bateh J AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Maccario, Priscilla AU - Maccario P AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Cho, Christina AU - Cho C AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Caro, Keaven AU - Caro K AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Nishioka, Tadaaki AU - Nishioka T AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Koike, Hiroyuki AU - Koike H AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. FAU - Morishita, Hirofumi AU - Morishita H AD - Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. AD - Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States. LA - eng GR - R01 MH119523/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 MH118297/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 NS105119/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY031009/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States GR - F31 MH121010/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY024918/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220111 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Neurosci JT - Frontiers in neuroscience JID - 101478481 PMC - PMC8787360 OTO - NOTNLM OT - anterior cingulate cortex OT - attention OT - mouse OT - task-demand OT - top-down projection OT - visual cortex COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/01/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/29 06:01 PMCR- 2021/01/01 CRDT- 2022/01/28 05:53 PHST- 2021/09/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/12/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/01/28 05:53 [entrez] PHST- 2022/01/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/29 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnins.2021.775256 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Neurosci. 2022 Jan 11;15:775256. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.775256. eCollection 2021.