PMID- 35093428
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220316
LR  - 20220316
IS  - 1873-6351 (Electronic)
IS  - 0278-6915 (Linking)
VI  - 161
DP  - 2022 Mar
TI  - Adverse effects associated with use of specific dietary supplements: The US 
      Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.
PG  - 112840
LID - S0278-6915(22)00037-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112840 [doi]
AB  - Dietary supplements (DSs) are used by 50% of Americans and 70% of United States 
      military service members (SMs); some have adverse effects (AEs). This 
      cross-sectional investigation examined AEs associated with specific DSs. A 
      stratified random sample of SMs from the Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, and Navy 
      was obtained. Volunteers completed a questionnaire reporting AEs for 96 generic 
      and 62 specific DSs. The highest prevalence (>/=1 AE) in specific DS categories was 
      35% prohormones, 33% weight loss supplements, 26% pre/post workout supplements, 
      14% herbal products, 12% multivitamin/multiminerals, 11% protein/amino acids, 9% 
      muscle building supplements, 7% other DSs, 6% joint health products, and 5% 
      individual vitamins/minerals. Specific DSs of concern (with proportion reporting 
      AEs) included: Libido Max(R) (35%), Hydroxycut Hardcore(R) (33%), OxyElite(R) (33%), 
      Roxylean(R) (31%), Growth Factor 9(R) (30%), Super HD(R) (29%), Hydroxycut Advanced(R) 
      (29%), Lipo 6(R) (28%), The Ripper(R) (27%), Test Booster(R) (27%), Xenadrine Xtreme 
      Thermogenic(R) (27%), C4 Extreme(R) (26%), and C4 Original(R) (25%). Products marketed 
      for weight loss, use before/after workout, and prohormones had the highest AE 
      prevalence. DSs can contain substances with independent/additive AEs and/or 
      interact with other ingredients or prescribed medications. Methods described here 
      could provide a continuous surveillance system detecting dangerous DSs entering 
      the market.
CI  - Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Knapik, Joseph J
AU  - Knapik JJ
AD  - Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental 
      Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA. Electronic address: 
      joseph.j.knapik.civ@mail.mil.
FAU - Trone, Daniel W
AU  - Trone DW
AD  - Naval Health Research Center, Building 329, Ryne Rd, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA.
FAU - Steelman, Ryan A
AU  - Steelman RA
AD  - Army Public Health Center, 8252 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, 
      USA.
FAU - Farina, Emily K
AU  - Farina EK
AD  - Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental 
      Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA.
FAU - Lieberman, Harris R
AU  - Lieberman HR
AD  - Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental 
      Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220131
PL  - England
TA  - Food Chem Toxicol
JT  - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British 
      Industrial Biological Research Association
JID - 8207483
RN  - 0 (Anti-Obesity Agents)
RN  - 0 (Minerals)
RN  - 0 (Vitamins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Obesity Agents/*adverse effects
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Dietary Supplements/*adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Military Personnel
MH  - Minerals/*adverse effects
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - United States
MH  - Vitamins/*adverse effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Minerals
OT  - Pre/post workout
OT  - Prohormone
OT  - Protein
OT  - Vitamins
OT  - Weight loss
EDAT- 2022/01/31 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/17 06:00
CRDT- 2022/01/30 20:28
PHST- 2021/09/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/01/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/01/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/30 20:28 [entrez]
AID - S0278-6915(22)00037-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112840 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Chem Toxicol. 2022 Mar;161:112840. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112840. Epub 2022 
      Jan 31.