PMID- 35107629
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220517
LR  - 20220517
IS  - 1432-1971 (Electronic)
IS  - 0172-0643 (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 5
DP  - 2022 Jun
TI  - A Combined Analysis of Peak and Submaximal Exercise Parameters in Delineating 
      Underlying Mechanisms of Sex Differences in Healthy Adolescents.
PG  - 1122-1130
LID - 10.1007/s00246-022-02832-0 [doi]
AB  - Peak exercise parameters are considered the gold standard to quantify cardiac 
      reserve in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). We studied whether submaximal 
      parameters would add additional values in analyzing sex differences in CPET. We 
      reviewed CPET of age-matched healthy male and female adolescents by cycle 
      ergometer. Besides peak parameters, submaximal CPET parameters, including 
      ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES), and 
      submaximal slopes of Deltaoxygen consumption (DeltaVO2)/Deltawork rate (DeltaWR), Deltaheart rate 
      (DeltaHR)/DeltaWR, DeltaVO2/DeltaHR, and Deltaminute ventilation (DeltaVE)/DeltaCO2 production (DeltaVCO2), were 
      obtained. We studied 35 male and 40 female healthy adolescents. Peak VO2 (pVO2), 
      peak oxygen pulse (pOP), and VAT were significantly lower in females than males 
      (1.9 +/- 0.4 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.6 L/min; 10 +/- 2.0 vs. 13.2 +/- 3.5 ml/beat; 1.23 +/- 0.3 vs. 
      1.52 +/- 0.5 L/min, respectively, all p < 0.005). Females showed significantly 
      lower pVO2, VAT, and OUES with the same body weight than males, implying higher 
      skeletal muscle mass in males. When simultaneously examining DeltaHR/DeltaWR and pOP, 
      females showed higher dependency on increases in HR than in stroke volume. 
      Females demonstrated significantly lower pOP with the same levels of DeltaVO2/DeltaHR, 
      suggesting more limited exercise persistence than males under an anaerobic 
      condition at peak exercise. Oxygen uptake efficiency in relation to peak VE was 
      significantly higher in males. There was no sex difference in either DeltaVO2/DeltaWR or 
      DeltaVE/DeltaVCO2. Combinational assessment of peak and submaximal CPET parameters 
      delineates the multiple mechanisms that contribute to the sex differences in 
      exercise performance.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business 
      Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Kernizan, Daphney
AU  - Kernizan D
AD  - Nemours Cardiac Center, Nemours Children's Hospital, Delaware, 1600 Rockland 
      Road, Wilmington, DE, 19803, USA.
FAU - Glass, Austin
AU  - Glass A
AD  - Nemours Cardiac Center, Nemours Children's Hospital, Delaware, 1600 Rockland 
      Road, Wilmington, DE, 19803, USA.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, 
      63103, USA.
FAU - D'Aloisio, Gina
AU  - D'Aloisio G
AD  - Nemours Cardiac Center, Nemours Children's Hospital, Delaware, 1600 Rockland 
      Road, Wilmington, DE, 19803, USA.
FAU - Hossain, Jobayer
AU  - Hossain J
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Nemours Children's Hospital, Delaware, Wilmington, 
      DE, 19803, USA.
FAU - Tsuda, Takeshi
AU  - Tsuda T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8110-1388
AD  - Nemours Cardiac Center, Nemours Children's Hospital, Delaware, 1600 Rockland 
      Road, Wilmington, DE, 19803, USA. Takeshi.Tsuda@nemours.org.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson 
      University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA. Takeshi.Tsuda@nemours.org.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220202
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatr Cardiol
JT  - Pediatric cardiology
JID - 8003849
RN  - S88TT14065 (Oxygen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Exercise/physiology
MH  - *Exercise Test
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Oxygen
MH  - Oxygen Consumption/physiology
MH  - *Sex Characteristics
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cardiac reserve
OT  - Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET)
OT  - Exercise performance
OT  - Oxygen consumption (VO2)
OT  - Oxygen utilization
OT  - Submaximal exercise
EDAT- 2022/02/03 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/18 06:00
CRDT- 2022/02/02 12:15
PHST- 2022/01/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/02/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/02/02 12:15 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00246-022-02832-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00246-022-02832-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatr Cardiol. 2022 Jun;43(5):1122-1130. doi: 10.1007/s00246-022-02832-0. Epub 
      2022 Feb 2.