PMID- 35138937
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220427
LR  - 20220512
IS  - 1557-8976 (Electronic)
IS  - 0882-8245 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 3
DP  - 2022 Apr
TI  - Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory 
      Syndrome Virus and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Infections in Greece.
PG  - 200-211
LID - 10.1089/vim.2021.0124 [doi]
AB  - The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with the 
      probability of being polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive and the level of 
      porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine circovirus 
      type 2 (PCV2) occurrence in Greek farms. The study included 56 pig farms, with a 
      total population of 22.500 sows, which represent about 40% of the entire capacity 
      of the Greek swine production. A total of 896 blood samples (224 pools*4 
      samples/pool = 896 samples) from breeding stock, weaners, growers, and finishers 
      were collected from each farm and organized in pools of 4 samples size. Further, 
      data regarding herd health management protocols were collected. The sera were 
      tested for PRRSV and PCV2, using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The results indicated 
      that both viruses remain a major challenge for the Greek swine industry. Main 
      risk factors involved in the infection process by these viruses were identified. 
      In particular, vaccination programs such as the mass PRRSV vaccination with 
      modified-live virus (MLV) in breeding stock during the last stages of gestation 
      or with killed-virus (KV) during the middle of gestation are more likely to be 
      associated with PRRSV PCR-positivity. Farms with low biosecurity level are 
      associated with higher PRRSV circulation. It has also been revealed that breeding 
      stock is more likely to be associated with PCV2 circulation compared to weaners 
      and growers. In conclusion, our results could be the basis of the development of 
      surveillance protocols for a national monitoring system for PRRSV and PCV2, which 
      could prevent future infection of Greek farms.
FAU - Papatsiros, Vasileios G
AU  - Papatsiros VG
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4955-0460
AD  - Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, 
      University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.
FAU - Papakonstantinou, Georgios
AU  - Papakonstantinou G
AD  - Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, 
      University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.
FAU - Meletis, Eletherios
AU  - Meletis E
AD  - Faculty of Public and Integrated (One) Health, School of Health Sciences, 
      University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.
FAU - Tsekouras, Nikolaos
AU  - Tsekouras N
AD  - Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, 
      University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.
FAU - Maragkakis, Giorgos
AU  - Maragkakis G
AD  - Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, 
      University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.
FAU - Bitchava, Dimitra
AU  - Bitchava D
AD  - Vet in Progress Plus, Veterinary Laboratories, Athens, Greece.
FAU - Kostoulas, Polychronis
AU  - Kostoulas P
AD  - Faculty of Public and Integrated (One) Health, School of Health Sciences, 
      University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220209
PL  - United States
TA  - Viral Immunol
JT  - Viral immunology
JID - 8801552
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Viral
MH  - *Circoviridae Infections/epidemiology/prevention & control/veterinary
MH  - *Circovirus/genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Greece/epidemiology
MH  - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics
MH  - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Swine
MH  - *Swine Diseases/prevention & control
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PCV2
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - herd health management
OT  - occurrence
OT  - risk factors
EDAT- 2022/02/10 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/28 06:00
CRDT- 2022/02/09 17:11
PHST- 2022/02/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/02/09 17:11 [entrez]
AID - 10.1089/vim.2021.0124 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Viral Immunol. 2022 Apr;35(3):200-211. doi: 10.1089/vim.2021.0124. Epub 2022 Feb 
      9.