PMID- 35143039
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220421
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1532-6535 (Electronic)
IS  - 0009-9236 (Print)
IS  - 0009-9236 (Linking)
VI  - 111
IP  - 5
DP  - 2022 May
TI  - Identification of Risk Factors for COVID-19 Hospitalization in Patients With 
      Anti-Rheumatic Drugs: Results From a Multicenter Nested Case Control Study.
PG  - 1061-1065
LID - 10.1002/cpt.2551 [doi]
AB  - Patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) do not have an increased 
      risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with the general 
      population. However, it remains uncertain whether subgroups of patients with IRD 
      using different immunosuppressive antirheumatic drugs carry a higher risk for 
      severe COVID-19 compared with other patients with IRD. The aim of this study is 
      to identify risk factors for severe COVID-19, requiring hospitalization in 
      patients with IRD. This is a multicenter nested case control study conducted in 
      the Netherlands. Cases are hospital known patients with IRD requiring 
      hospitalization for COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and May 31, 2020. Controls 
      are hospital known patients with IRD not requiring hospitalization for COVID-19 
      in this period, included at a 4:1 ratio. Patient, disease, and treatment 
      characteristics were extracted from electronic medical records and a 
      questionnaire. Potential risk factors were analyzed using unconditional logistic 
      regression, corrected for confounders and multiple testing. Eighty-one cases and 
      396 controls were included. General risk factors of older age and obesity apply 
      to patients with IRD as well (odds ratio (OR) for age >/= 75 3.5, 95% confidence 
      interval (CI) 1.9-6.3, OR for body mass index >/= 40 4.5, 95% CI 1.5-14). No 
      significantly increased ORs for COVID-19 hospitalization were found for any 
      antirheumatic agent or IRD. A protective effect was found for use of methotrexate 
      (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.31-0.92). In conclusion, similar to the general population, 
      elderly and obese patients with IRD have a higher risk for hospitalization for 
      COVID-19. We did not identify a specific antirheumatic agent or IRD to increase 
      the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization in patients with IRD, except for a possible 
      protective effect of methotrexate.
CI  - (c) 2022 The Authors. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (c) 2022 American Society 
      for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.
FAU - Opdam, Merel A A
AU  - Opdam MAA
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Benoy, Sophie
AU  - Benoy S
AD  - Regional Rheumatology Centre, Maxima Medical Centre, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
FAU - Verhoef, Lise M
AU  - Verhoef LM
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Van Bijnen, Sandra
AU  - Van Bijnen S
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Lamers-Karnebeek, Femke
AU  - Lamers-Karnebeek F
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, Bernhoven, Uden, The Netherlands.
FAU - Traksel, Rene A M
AU  - Traksel RAM
AD  - Regional Rheumatology Centre, Maxima Medical Centre, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
FAU - Vos, Petra
AU  - Vos P
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.
FAU - den Broeder, Alfons A
AU  - den Broeder AA
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Broen, Jasper
AU  - Broen J
AD  - Regional Rheumatology Centre, Maxima Medical Centre, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220223
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Pharmacol Ther
JT  - Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
JID - 0372741
RN  - 0 (Antirheumatic Agents)
RN  - YL5FZ2Y5U1 (Methotrexate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - *Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects
MH  - *COVID-19
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Hospitalization
MH  - Humans
MH  - Methotrexate/adverse effects
MH  - *Rheumatic Diseases/drug therapy/epidemiology
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC9087006
COIS- M.O. reports received grants (to the institution) from Gilead Sciences. A.d.B. 
      has received consultancy honoraria, congress invitations, and research grants (to 
      the institution) from Abbvie, Amgen, Cellgene, Roche, Biogen, Lilly, Novartis, 
      Celltrion Sanofi, and Gilead. Is coinventor on a rituximab related patent 
      (pending). J.B. has received consultancy fees from Novartis, UCB, Gilead, and 
      Galapagos. All other authors declared no competing interests for this work.
EDAT- 2022/02/11 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/22 06:00
PMCR- 2022/02/23
CRDT- 2022/02/10 12:16
PHST- 2021/08/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/02/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/02/10 12:16 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - CPT2551 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/cpt.2551 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2022 May;111(5):1061-1065. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2551. Epub 2022 
      Feb 23.