PMID- 35145013
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220406
LR  - 20220505
IS  - 1526-632X (Electronic)
IS  - 0028-3878 (Linking)
VI  - 98
IP  - 14
DP  - 2022 Apr 5
TI  - Prognostic Factors and Treatment Efficacy in Spinal Cord Sarcoidosis: An 
      Observational Cohort With Long-term Follow-up.
PG  - e1479-e1488
LID - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000200020 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spinal cord sarcoidosis is a rare manifestation of 
      sarcoidosis with a consequent risk of neurologic sequelae for the patient. We 
      investigated prognostic factors and efficacy of immunosuppressive treatments in a 
      longitudinal cohort. METHODS: We retrospectively studied patients with spinal 
      cord sarcoidosis followed between 1995 and 2021 in 7 centers in France. Patients 
      with definite, probable, or possible spinal cord sarcoidosis according to the 
      Neurosarcoidosis Consortium Consensus Group criteria and with spinal cord 
      involvement confirmed by MRI were included. We analyzed relapse or progression 
      rate with a Poisson model, initial Rankin score with a linear model, and change 
      in the Rankin score during follow-up with a logistic model. RESULTS: A total of 
      97 patients were followed for a median of 7.8 years. Overall mean relapse or 
      progression rate was 0.17 per person-year and decreased over time. At last visit, 
      46 (47.4%) patients had a loss of autonomy (Rankin score >/=2). The main prognostic 
      factors significantly associated with relapse or progression rate were gadolinium 
      enhancement (relative rate [95% CI] 0.61 [0.4, 0.95]) or meningeal involvement 
      (relative rate [95% CI] 2.05 [1.31, 3.19]) on spinal cord MRI and cell count 
      (relative rate [95% CI] per 1 log increase 1.16 [1.01, 1.33]) on CSF analysis. 
      Relapse or progression rate was not significantly associated with initial Rankin 
      score or Expanded Disability Status Scale. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) 
      antagonists significantly decreased relapse or progression rate compared with 
      corticosteroids alone (relative rate [95% CI] 0.33 [0.11, 0.98]). Azathioprine 
      was significantly less effective than methotrexate on relapse or progression rate 
      (relative rate [95% CI] 2.83 [1.04, 7.75]) and change in Rankin score (mean 
      difference [95% CI] 0.65 [0.23, 1.08]). DISCUSSION: Regarding the relapse or 
      progression rate, meningeal localization of sarcoidosis was associated with a 
      worse prognosis, TNF-alpha antagonists resulted in a significant decrease compared to 
      corticosteroids alone, and methotrexate was more effective than azathioprine. 
      CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that in 
      individuals with spinal cord neurosarcoidosis, TNF-alpha antagonists were associated 
      with decreased relapse or progression rate compared to corticosteroids alone, but 
      other therapies showed no significant benefit.
CI  - (c) 2022 American Academy of Neurology.
FAU - Gavoille, Antoine
AU  - Gavoille A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9118-0849
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Desbois, Anne-Claire
AU  - Desbois AC
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Joubert, Bastien
AU  - Joubert B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4631-3056
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Durel, Cecile-Audrey
AU  - Durel CA
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Auvens, Clement
AU  - Auvens C
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Berthoux, Emilie
AU  - Berthoux E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4889-5352
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Delboy, Thierry
AU  - Delboy T
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Dufour, Jean Francois
AU  - Dufour JF
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Turcu, Alin
AU  - Turcu A
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Bonnotte, Bernard
AU  - Bonnotte B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1098-4598
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Moreau, Thibault
AU  - Moreau T
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Le Guenno, Guillaume
AU  - Le Guenno G
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Andre, Marc
AU  - Andre M
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Ruivard, Marc
AU  - Ruivard M
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Camdessanche, Jean-Philippe
AU  - Camdessanche JP
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Antoine, Jean-Christophe G
AU  - Antoine JG
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Marignier, Romain
AU  - Marignier R
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Chapelon-Abric, Catherine
AU  - Chapelon-Abric C
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Saadoun, David
AU  - Saadoun D
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
FAU - Seve, Pascal
AU  - Seve P
AD  - From the Service de Neurologie, Sclerose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myeline et 
      Neuro-inflammation (A.G., R.M.) and Service de Neuro-Oncologie (B.J.), Hopital 
      Neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Service de 
      Biostatistique-Bioinformatique (A.G.), Departement de Medecine Interne et 
      Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Edouard Herriot (C.-A.D.), and Departement de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Croix Rousse (P.S.), Hospices Civils de Lyon; 
      Universite Lyon 1 (A.G., B.J., R.M.), Universite de Lyon, Villeurbanne; 
      Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Sorbonne 
      Universites; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (A.-C.D., 
      C.C.-A., D.S.), AP-HP; Centre de Reference des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systemiques 
      Rares (A.-C.D., C.C.-A., D.S.), Centre de Reference des Maladies 
      Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire, Paris; Departement de Medecine 
      Interne et Maladies Systemiques (C.A., A.T., B.B.) and Departement de Neurologie 
      (T.M.), CHU Dijon; Departement de Medecine Interne (E.B.), CH Saint Luc Saint 
      Joseph, Lyon; Departement de Medecine Interne (T.D.), CH Montlucon; Departement 
      de Medecine Interne (J.F.D.), Centre Hospitalier Fleyriat, Bourg-en-Bresse; 
      Departement de Medecine Interne, CHU Estaing (G.L.G., M.R.), and Service de 
      Medecine Interne, Hopital Gabriel Montpied (M.A.), CHU de Clermont-Ferrand; 
      Departement de Neurologie (J.-P.C., J.-C.G.A.), Hopital Nord, CHU de 
      Saint-Etienne; and Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE) (P.S.), INSERM 
      U1290, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Observational Study
DEP - 20220210
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurology
JT  - Neurology
JID - 0401060
RN  - 0 (Contrast Media)
RN  - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)
RN  - AU0V1LM3JT (Gadolinium)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Contrast Media
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Gadolinium
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - *Sarcoidosis/complications/diagnostic imaging/drug therapy
MH  - Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging/pathology
MH  - Treatment Outcome
EDAT- 2022/02/12 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/07 06:00
CRDT- 2022/02/11 05:34
PHST- 2021/07/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/02/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/02/11 05:34 [entrez]
AID - WNL.0000000000200020 [pii]
AID - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000200020 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurology. 2022 Apr 5;98(14):e1479-e1488. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000200020. Epub 
      2022 Feb 10.