PMID- 35147297 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220408 LR - 20220408 IS - 1864-564X (Electronic) IS - 1864-5631 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Apr 7 TI - Effective Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Diformylfuran by an Acetal Protection Strategy. PG - e202200059 LID - 10.1002/cssc.202200059 [doi] AB - An acetal protection strategy for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was used to obtain 2,5-diformyfuran (DFF) using concentrated HMF solutions and a gamma-Al(2) O(3) -supported Ru catalyst (Ru/gamma-Al(2) O(3) ). The HMF-acetal with 1,3-propanediol can be oxidized to DFF-acetal with a yield of 84.0 % at an HMF conversion of 94.2 % from a 50 wt % solution. In contrast, aerobic oxidation of nonprotected HMF using a 10 wt % solution afforded DFF only in a moderate yield (52.3 %). Kinetic studies indicated that the six-membered ring acetal group not only prevents side reactions but also accelerates aerobic oxidation of the -CH(2) OH moiety to -CHO under retention of the acetal functionality. Organic deposits formed during the reaction explained the significant decrease in the activity of the Ru/gamma-Al(2) O(3) catalyst, which could be recovered neither by washing in water or organic solvents, nor by a calcination-reduction treatment. Sonication of the used Ru/gamma-Al(2) O(3) catalyst in an aqueous NaOH solution successfully removed the deposits and allowed reuse of the catalyst for at least four times without activity loss. CI - (c) 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH. FAU - Boonyakarn, Tat AU - Boonyakarn T AD - Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan. FAU - Wiesfeld, Jan J AU - Wiesfeld JJ AD - Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan. FAU - Asakawa, Miyuki AU - Asakawa M AD - Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan. FAU - Chen, Lulu AU - Chen L AD - Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Fukuoka, Atsushi AU - Fukuoka A AD - Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan. FAU - Hensen, Emiel J M AU - Hensen EJM AD - Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. FAU - Nakajima, Kiyotaka AU - Nakajima K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3774-3209 AD - Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan. LA - eng GR - JPMJMI19E3/JST-MIRAI/ GR - 20H05879/JSPS Grant-in-Aid/ GR - 18KK0135/JSPS Fostering Joint International Research (B)/ GR - 20A1002/Cooperative Research Program of Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220223 PL - Germany TA - ChemSusChem JT - ChemSusChem JID - 101319536 RN - 0 (Acetals) RN - 0 (Furans) RN - 059QF0KO0R (Water) RN - 70ETD81LF0 (5-hydroxymethylfurfural) RN - DJ1HGI319P (Furaldehyde) RN - L4HT8N2Z72 (2,5-diformylfuran) SB - IM MH - *Acetals MH - *Furaldehyde/analogs & derivatives MH - Furans MH - Kinetics MH - Water OTO - NOTNLM OT - 5-hydroxymethylfurfural OT - biomass OT - diformylfuran OT - heterogeneous catalysis OT - oxidation EDAT- 2022/02/12 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/09 06:00 CRDT- 2022/02/11 08:47 PHST- 2022/02/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/01/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/11 08:47 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/cssc.202200059 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - ChemSusChem. 2022 Apr 7;15(7):e202200059. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202200059. Epub 2022 Feb 23.