PMID- 35164176
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220215
LR  - 20220219
IS  - 1420-3049 (Electronic)
IS  - 1420-3049 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 3
DP  - 2022 Jan 28
TI  - Hydrophobic Eutectic Solvent-Based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction 
      Applied to the Analysis of Pesticides in Wine.
LID - 10.3390/molecules27030908 [doi]
LID - 908
AB  - A green solvent-based DLLME/HPLC-MS method for the determination of 19 pesticides 
      in wine samples has been developed. The extractant solvent is a hydrophobic 
      eutectic mixture composed of L-menthol and butylated hydroxytoluene in a molar 
      ratio of 3:1. The endogenous ethanol of wine has been used as dispersive solvent, 
      in order to avoid the solidification of the extracts under 19  degrees C. The mobile 
      phase composition, the elution gradient and the sample injection volume were 
      optimized in order to make this hydrophobic mixture compatible with conventional 
      reversed phase chromatography and electrospray ionization. The method was 
      validated in matrix, using a wine free from the target compounds. Average 
      recovery as high as 80%, precision between 3 and 14%, and limits of detection and 
      quantification much lower than the maximum residue levels (MRLs) for grapes and 
      wines fixed by the EU regulation, make this multiresidue method fitted for the 
      purpose, with the further advantages of being quick, cheap and in compliance with 
      the green analytical chemistry. From the analysis of 11 commercial wines it was 
      found that just in a bio sample the target compounds were not detectable or lower 
      than quantification limit; as for the other samples, the most widespread and 
      abundant pesticides were methoxyfenozide and boscalid, but their levels were much 
      lower than the relative MRLs.
FAU - Dal Bosco, Chiara
AU  - Dal Bosco C
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Mariani, Francesca
AU  - Mariani F
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Gentili, Alessandra
AU  - Gentili A
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
AD  - Hydro-Eco, Research Centre of Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
LA  - eng
GR  - RG11916B6451D44A/Sapienza University of Rome/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220128
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Molecules
JT  - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 100964009
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC8839483
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - LC-MS
OT  - dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
OT  - eutectic solvent
OT  - pesticides
OT  - wine
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/02/16 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/16 06:01
PMCR- 2022/01/28
CRDT- 2022/02/15 01:20
PHST- 2022/01/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/01/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/02/15 01:20 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/02/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/16 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - molecules27030908 [pii]
AID - molecules-27-00908 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/molecules27030908 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Molecules. 2022 Jan 28;27(3):908. doi: 10.3390/molecules27030908.