PMID- 35194511 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220920 IS - 2008-9244 (Print) IS - 2193-8865 (Electronic) IS - 2008-9244 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 5 DP - 2022 TI - Exploring nano-enabled CRISPR-Cas-powered strategies for efficient diagnostics and treatment of infectious diseases. PG - 833-864 LID - 10.1007/s40097-022-00472-7 [doi] AB - Biomedical researchers have subsequently been inspired the development of new approaches for precisely changing an organism's genomic DNA in order to investigate customized diagnostics and therapeutics utilizing genetic engineering techniques. Clustered Regulatory Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) is one such technique that has emerged as a safe, targeted, and effective pharmaceutical treatment against a wide range of disease-causing organisms, including bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses, as well as genetic abnormalities. The recent discovery of very flexible engineered nucleic acid binding proteins has changed the scientific area of genome editing in a revolutionary way. Since current genetic engineering technique relies on viral vectors, issues about immunogenicity, insertional oncogenesis, retention, and targeted delivery remain unanswered. The use of nanotechnology has the potential to improve the safety and efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9 component distribution by employing tailored polymeric nanoparticles. The combination of two (CRISPR/Cas9 and nanotechnology) offers the potential to open new therapeutic paths. Considering the benefits, demand, and constraints, the goal of this research is to acquire more about the biology of CRISPR technology, as well as aspects of selective and effective diagnostics and therapies for infectious illnesses and other metabolic disorders. This review advocated combining nanomedicine (nanomedicine) with a CRISPR/Cas enabled sensing system to perform early-stage diagnostics and selective therapy of specific infectious disorders. Such a Nano-CRISPR-powered nanomedicine and sensing system would allow for successful infectious illness control, even on a personal level. This comprehensive study also discusses the current obstacles and potential of the predicted technology. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40097-022-00472-7. CI - (c) The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Islamic Azad University 2022. FAU - Dubey, Ankit Kumar AU - Dubey AK AD - Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, 600036, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India. GRID: grid.417969.4. ISNI: 0000 0001 2315 1926 FAU - Kumar Gupta, Vijai AU - Kumar Gupta V AD - Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG UK. GRID: grid.426884.4. ISNI: 0000 0001 0170 6644 FAU - Kujawska, Malgorzata AU - Kujawska M AD - Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland. GRID: grid.22254.33. ISNI: 0000 0001 2205 0971 FAU - Orive, Gorka AU - Orive G AD - NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. GRID: grid.11480.3c. ISNI: 0000000121671098 AD - CIBER Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBERBBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. GRID: grid.413448.e. ISNI: 0000 0000 9314 1427 AD - Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Nanobiocel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. AD - University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundacion Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. GRID: grid.11480.3c. ISNI: 0000000121671098 AD - Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. GRID: grid.272555.2. ISNI: 0000 0001 0706 4670 FAU - Kim, Nam-Young AU - Kim NY AD - Department of Electronics Engineering, RFIC Bio Centre, NDAC Centre, RFIC Bio Centre, NDAC Centre, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897 South Korea. GRID: grid.411202.4. ISNI: 0000 0004 0533 0009 FAU - Li, Chen-Zhong AU - Li CZ AD - Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. GRID: grid.265219.b. ISNI: 0000 0001 2217 8588 AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. GRID: grid.265219.b. ISNI: 0000 0001 2217 8588 FAU - Kumar Mishra, Yogendra AU - Kumar Mishra Y AD - Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alison 2, 6400 Sonderborg, Denmark. GRID: grid.10825.3e. ISNI: 0000 0001 0728 0170 FAU - Kaushik, Ajeet AU - Kaushik A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4206-1541 AD - NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health System Engineering, Department of Natural Sciences, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL-33805 USA. GRID: grid.462208.a. ISNI: 0000 0004 0414 1628 LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220214 PL - Germany TA - J Nanostructure Chem JT - Journal of nanostructure in chemistry JID - 101684961 PMC - PMC8853211 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biosensor OT - CRISPR/Cas OT - Diseases management OT - Gene editing OT - Infectious diseases OT - Nanomedicine OT - Personalized healthcare COIS- Conflict of interestAuthor declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/02/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/02/24 06:01 PMCR- 2022/02/17 CRDT- 2022/02/23 05:34 PHST- 2021/10/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/02/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/02/24 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/23 05:34 [entrez] PHST- 2022/02/17 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 472 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40097-022-00472-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nanostructure Chem. 2022;12(5):833-864. doi: 10.1007/s40097-022-00472-7. Epub 2022 Feb 14.