PMID- 35196104
OWN - NLM
STAT- Publisher
LR  - 20240220
IS  - 0191-2917 (Print)
IS  - 0191-2917 (Linking)
DP  - 2022 Feb 23
TI  - First Report of Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum fioriniae on Barbary 
      wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) in Gansu Province, China.
LID - 10.1094/PDIS-10-21-2370-PDN [doi]
AB  - Barbary wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) is a well-known edible and medicinal 
      plant, widely grown in northwest China (Gao et al. 2021). During the summer of 
      2019, typical anthracnose symptoms were observed on fruits of barbary wolfberry 
      in Baiyin, Gansu province, China. Approximately 30% of the barbary wolfberry 
      fruits had typical anthracnose symptoms. Lesions on barbary wolfberry fruits were 
      dark, circular or irregular, sunken, and necrotic or wilted, with the presence of 
      orange to pink conidial masses under high humidity. Small pieces cut from the 
      margins of lesions were surface disinfested with 75% ethanol for 10 s, and 1% 
      NaClO solution for 1 min, rinsed three times in sterile distilled water, dried on 
      sterile filter paper, placed onto potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 25 
      +/- 1℃ for 5 days in the dark. The pure cultures were obtained by single-spore 
      isolation. All isolates produced pale gray and dense aerial mycelia, in reverse 
      orange to red, at times showing concentric rings on PDA at 25℃ after 10 days in 
      the dark. Conidia (n=100) were colorless, smooth-walled, aseptate, fusiform 
      elliptical with one or both ends, and 8.3 to 17.6 x 3.7 to 6.2 mum. Appressoria (n 
      = 100) were solitary, pale to medium brown, smooth-walled, subglobose to 
      elliptical, sometimes clavate or irregular, and 5.7 to 11.7 x 4.1 to 8.5 mum. The 
      internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA, 
      glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene, bate-tubulin 2 (TUB2) 
      gene, actin (ACT) gene, calmodulin (CAL) gene, chitin synthase 1 (CHS-1) gene, 
      and histone H3 (HIS3) gene of the two representative isolates BY19LB02 and 
      BY19LB06 were amplified and sequenced with primers ITS1/ITS4, GDF1/GDR1, T1/Bt2b, 
      ACT-512F/ACT-783R, CL1/CL2A, CHS-79F/CHS-354R, CYLH3F/CYLH3R, respectively (Damm 
      et al. 2012), and deposited on GenBank (ITS, MZ496816 and MZ505524; ACT, MZ557422 
      and MZ557417; CHS-1, MZ557423 and MZ557418; GAPDH, MZ557424 and MZ557419; HIS3, 
      MZ557425 and MZ557420; TUB2, MZ557426 and MZ557421). BLAST analysis of the 
      resulting for all the sequences showed 98 to 100% similarity with those of C. 
      fioriniae. Based on the above, the isolates BY19LB02 and BY19LB06 were identified 
      as C. fioriniae. To confirm the pathogenicity, detached heathy barbary wolfberry 
      fruits were surface-sterilized with 75% ethanol for 30s, rinsed three times in 
      sterile distilled water, allowed to dry on sterile filter paper, and then wounded 
      using sterilized needles. Fruits were inoculated by pipetting 10 muL of conidial 
      suspension (1x106 conidia/mL) onto each wound, and controls were inoculated with 
      10 muL sterile distilled water. Each treatment had 30 fruit replicates. These 
      fruits were kept in a moist chamber at 28 degrees C in the dark. The experiment was 
      repeated three times. After 5 days, anthracnose symptoms were observed on all of 
      the inoculated fruits and identical to those observed in the field, whereas 
      control fruits did not develop symptoms. Theathogen was re-isolated from the 
      lesions of inoculated fruits, fulfilling Koch's postulates. To the best of our 
      knowledge, this is the first report of C. fioriniae causing anthracnose on 
      barbary wolfberry in Gansu Province, China. The same disease on barbary wolfberry 
      was reported in Jilin Province, China (Liu et al. 2016). Gansu is one of the main 
      barbary wolfberry producing areas in northwest China and its geographical area, 
      climate and environmental conditions are different from Jilin Province. 
      Considering that barbary wolfberry is the main source of income for growers in 
      Gansu, this identification can aid in the selection of appropriate management 
      measures for this disease.
FAU - Xu, Sheng Jun
AU  - Xu SJ
AD  - Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, 1 Xincun, 
      Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, China, 730070; 
      xusj1001@aliyun.com.
FAU - Jing, Zhuo Qiong
AU  - Jing ZQ
AD  - Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 
      Gansu, China; 372367645@qq.com.
FAU - Guo, Zhi Jie
AU  - Guo ZJ
AD  - Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 
      Gansu, China; 846223512@qq.com.
FAU - Sun, Qian
AU  - Sun Q
AD  - Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 
      Gansu, China; 544347986@qq.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220223
PL  - United States
TA  - Plant Dis
JT  - Plant disease
JID - 9882809
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anthracnose
OT  - Barbary wolfberry
OT  - Colletotrichum fioriniae
OT  - Pathogen identification
EDAT- 2022/02/24 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/24 06:00
CRDT- 2022/02/23 17:11
PHST- 2022/02/23 17:11 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/02/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1094/PDIS-10-21-2370-PDN [doi]
PST - aheadofprint
SO  - Plant Dis. 2022 Feb 23. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-10-21-2370-PDN.