PMID- 35204150
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230505
IS  - 2076-3921 (Print)
IS  - 2076-3921 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-3921 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 2
DP  - 2022 Jan 28
TI  - Oxidative Stress and Diseases Associated with High-Altitude Exposure.
PG  - 267
LID - 10.3390/antiox11020267 [doi]
LID - 267
AB  - Several diseases associated with high-altitude exposure affect unacclimated 
      individuals. These diseases include acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude 
      cerebral edema (HACE), high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), chronic mountain 
      sickness (CMS), and, notably, high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH), which 
      can eventually lead to right ventricle hypertrophy and heart failure. The 
      development of these pathologies involves different molecules and molecular 
      pathways that might be related to oxidative stress. Studies have shown that 
      acute, intermittent, and chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia induce oxidative 
      stress, causing alterations to molecular pathways and cellular components 
      (lipids, proteins, and DNA). Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss the 
      oxidative molecules and pathways involved in the development of high-altitude 
      diseases. In summary, all high-altitude pathologies are related to oxidative 
      stress, as indicated by increases in the malondialdehyde (MDA) biomarker and 
      decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 
      antioxidant activity. In addition, in CMS, the levels of 8-iso-PGF2alpha and H(2)O(2) 
      are increased, and evidence strongly indicates an increase in Nox4 activity in 
      HAPH. Therefore, antioxidant treatments seem to be a promising approach to 
      mitigating high-altitude pathologies.
FAU - Pena, Eduardo
AU  - Pena E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2664-1722
AD  - Institute of Health Studies, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1100000, Chile; 
      eduardopena@unap.cl (E.P.); psiques@tie.cl (P.S.); jbritor@tie.cl (J.B.).
FAU - El Alam, Samia
AU  - El Alam S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7501-5077
AD  - Institute of Health Studies, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1100000, Chile; 
      eduardopena@unap.cl (E.P.); psiques@tie.cl (P.S.); jbritor@tie.cl (J.B.).
FAU - Siques, Patricia
AU  - Siques P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4963-195X
AD  - Institute of Health Studies, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1100000, Chile; 
      eduardopena@unap.cl (E.P.); psiques@tie.cl (P.S.); jbritor@tie.cl (J.B.).
FAU - Brito, Julio
AU  - Brito J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0050-8774
AD  - Institute of Health Studies, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1100000, Chile; 
      eduardopena@unap.cl (E.P.); psiques@tie.cl (P.S.); jbritor@tie.cl (J.B.).
LA  - eng
GR  - BIP 30477541-0/GORE FIC-TARAPACA/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220128
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Antioxidants (Basel)
JT  - Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101668981
PMC - PMC8868315
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - altitude diseases
OT  - high altitude
OT  - oxidative stress
OT  - pulmonary hypertension
OT  - reactive oxygen species
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/02/26 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/26 06:01
PMCR- 2022/01/28
CRDT- 2022/02/25 01:03
PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/01/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/02/25 01:03 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/02/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - antioxidants-11-00267 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/antiox11020267 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Jan 28;11(2):267. doi: 10.3390/antiox11020267.