PMID- 35215810
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220311
LR  - 20231105
IS  - 1999-4915 (Electronic)
IS  - 1999-4915 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 2
DP  - 2022 Jan 23
TI  - Aetiological Characteristics of Infectious Diarrhea in Yantai City, Shandong 
      Province, China in 2017.
LID - 10.3390/v14020216 [doi]
LID - 216
AB  - This study aimed to analyse the pathogenic spectrum and epidemiological 
      characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Yantai City, Shandong Province, China 
      and provide a reference for its prevention and control. A total of 713 stool 
      specimens collected within 3 days of diarrhea onset from January to December 2017 
      at secondary or higher hospitals in Yantai City were tested for 10 causative 
      pathogens, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The top two 
      rotaviruses and norovirus were analysed for typing and geographical distribution. 
      The total positive rate was 46.56% (332/713), and 268 of 713 specimens contained 
      at least one pathogen; 64 had at least two pathogens, accounting for 19.28% of 
      the positive specimens (64/332). The positivity rates of rotavirus (RV), 
      norovirus (NoVs) GI, norovirus (NoVs) GII, enterovirus universal (EV), enteric 
      adenoviruses (EAdV), sapovirus (SaV), astrovirus (Astv), Salmonella (SE), 
      Listeria monocytogenes (LiMo), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) were 20.06% 
      (143/713), 1.82% (13/713), 12.84% (89/713), 10.66% (76/713), 4.07% (29/713), 
      0.42% (3/713), 2.38% (17/713), 1.54% (11/713), 1.82% (13/713), and 1.54% 
      (11/713), respectively. Infectious diarrhea showed a high prevalence in young 
      children aged 1-5 years, accounting for 48.6% of the total number of cases. 
      Bacterial diarrhea was predominant in summer, and viral diarrhea was distributed 
      throughout the year, without a significant seasonal pattern. Rotavirus is 
      dominated by G9P, accounting for 81.82%, while norovirus is dominated by the GII 
      type and has diverse characteristics. The aetiology of infectious diarrhea in 
      Yantai is mainly viral, with RV, NoVs, EV, EAdV, and Astv being the most frequent 
      pathogens. Continuous surveillance of infectious diarrhea diseases can help us 
      understand its epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics, thereby taking 
      targeted preventive and control measures in different seasons.
FAU - Sun, Zhenlu
AU  - Sun Z
AD  - NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for 
      Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and 
      Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
AD  - Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai 264003, China.
FAU - Xu, Jinjie
AU  - Xu J
AD  - Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai 264003, China.
FAU - Niu, Peihua
AU  - Niu P
AD  - NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for 
      Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and 
      Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
FAU - Jin, Miao
AU  - Jin M
AD  - Department of Viral Diarrhea, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and 
      Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, 
      China.
FAU - Gao, Qiao
AU  - Gao Q
AD  - Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai 264003, China.
FAU - Zhang, Ruiqing
AU  - Zhang R
AD  - NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for 
      Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and 
      Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
FAU - Wang, Ji
AU  - Wang J
AD  - NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for 
      Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and 
      Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
AD  - Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control 
      and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
FAU - Zhang, Yong
AU  - Zhang Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2692-5437
AD  - WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, NHC Key Laboratory for Biosafety, 
      NHC Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease 
      Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Beijing 102206, China.
FAU - Ma, Xuejun
AU  - Ma X
AD  - NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for 
      Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and 
      Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
AD  - Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, 
      China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220123
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Viruses
JT  - Viruses
JID - 101509722
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Distribution
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - China/epidemiology
MH  - Cities/epidemiology
MH  - Dysentery/epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Viruses/classification/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC8875874
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - bacteria
OT  - infectious diarrhea
OT  - pathogen spectrum
OT  - virus
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/02/27 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/12 06:00
PMCR- 2022/01/23
CRDT- 2022/02/26 01:06
PHST- 2021/12/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/01/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/02/26 01:06 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/02/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v14020216 [pii]
AID - viruses-14-00216 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/v14020216 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Viruses. 2022 Jan 23;14(2):216. doi: 10.3390/v14020216.