PMID- 35227876
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220419
LR  - 20220531
IS  - 1532-0456 (Print)
IS  - 1532-0456 (Linking)
VI  - 256
DP  - 2022 Jun
TI  - A systematic review on toxicity assessment of persistent emerging pollutants 
      (EPs) and associated microplastics (MPs) in the environment using the Hydra 
      animal model.
PG  - 109320
LID - S1532-0456(22)00055-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109320 [doi]
AB  - Emerging pollutants (EPs) are causative for teratogenic and reproductive effects. 
      EPs are detected in all the environmental matrices at higher levels. A suitable 
      model for aquatic toxicity assessment is Hydra, because of morphological, 
      behavioral, reproductive (sexual and asexual), and biochemical changes. Many 
      researchers have used Hydra for toxicity assessment of organic chemicals (BPA), 
      heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, nanomaterials and microplastics. Various Hydra 
      species were used for environmental toxicity studies; however H. magnipapillata 
      was predominantly used due to the availability of its genome and proteome 
      sequences. Teratogenic and reproductive changes in Hydra are species specific. 
      Teratogenic effects were studied using sterozoom dissecting microscope, acridine 
      orange (AO) and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DPAI) staining. Reactive oxygen 
      species (ROS) generation by EPs had been understood by the 
      Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCFDA) staining and comet assay. Multiple 
      advanced techniques would aid to understand the effects at molecular level, such 
      as real-time PCR, rapid amplification of cDNA end- PCR. EPs modulated the major 
      antioxidant enzyme levels, therefore, defense mechanism was affected by the 
      higher generation of reactive oxygen species. Genome sequencing helps to know the 
      mode of action of pollutants, role of enzymes in detoxification, defense genes 
      and stress responsive genes. Molecular techniques were used to obtain the 
      information for evolutionary changes of genes and modulation of gene expression 
      by EPs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Vimalkumar, Krishnamoorthi
AU  - Vimalkumar K
AD  - New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
FAU - Sangeetha, Seethappan
AU  - Sangeetha S
AD  - Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, 
      Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
FAU - Felix, Lewisoscar
AU  - Felix L
AD  - Infectious Diseases Division, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School 
      of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
FAU - Kay, Paul
AU  - Kay P
AD  - School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK.
FAU - Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan
AU  - Pugazhendhi A
AD  - Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, 
      School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 
      Vietnam. Electronic address: arivalagan.p@vlu.edu.vn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20220225
PL  - United States
TA  - Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol
JT  - Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP
JID - 100959500
RN  - 0 (Microplastics)
RN  - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Hydra
MH  - *Microplastics/toxicity
MH  - Models, Animal
MH  - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Environmental pollutants
OT  - Hydra animal model
OT  - Microplastics
OT  - Nanomaterials
OT  - Toxicity effects
EDAT- 2022/03/02 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/20 06:00
CRDT- 2022/03/01 05:47
PHST- 2021/09/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/02/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/03/01 05:47 [entrez]
AID - S1532-0456(22)00055-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109320 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2022 Jun;256:109320. doi: 
      10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109320. Epub 2022 Feb 25.