PMID- 35233028 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220412 LR - 20220531 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2022 Mar 1 TI - Prenatal and early life exposure to air pollution and the incidence of Kawasaki disease. PG - 3415 LID - 10.1038/s41598-022-07081-y [doi] LID - 3415 AB - Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common form of acquired pediatric cardiac disease in the developed world. However, its etiology is still unclear. Epidemiological studies have shown that air pollution is a plausible risk factor in stimulating oxidative stress, inducing inflammation and causing autoimmune diseases. This study aims to assess the connections between prenatal and early life air pollution exposure to the incidence of KD. The main data source of this nationwide longitudinal study was the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. NHIRD was linked with Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database to establish the link between mothers and children. In total, 4192 KD cases involving children under 6 years of age were identified between January 2004 and December 2010. Children in the control group were randomly selected at a 1:4 ratio and matched using their age and index year. Integrated data for the air pollutants were obtained from 71 Environmental Protection Agency monitoring stations across Taiwan. Patients who had main admission diagnosis of KD and subsequently received intravenous immunoglobulin treatment were defined as incidence cases. Ambient exposure, including pollutant standards index (PSI), carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), nitric dioxide (NO(2)), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) during pregnancy were all positively associated with KD incidence. Conversely, ozone (O(3)) exposure had a negative correlation. Exposure to CO, NO, NO(2,) and NOx after childbirth remained consistent with regards to having a positive association with KD incidence. Exposure to PSI and O(3) after delivery displayed no significant association with KD. Both prenatal and postnatal cumulative CO, NO, NO(2), and NOx exposure had a dose dependent effect towards increasing KD incidence. Certain prenatal and early life air pollutant exposure may increase the incidence of KD. CI - (c) 2022. The Author(s). FAU - Kuo, Ni-Chun AU - Kuo NC AD - Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Sec. 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Lin, Chien-Heng AU - Lin CH AD - Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. FAU - Lin, Ming-Chih AU - Lin MC AD - Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Sec. 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan, ROC. mingclin@gmail.com. AD - Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. mingclin@gmail.com. AD - School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. mingclin@gmail.com. AD - Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. mingclin@gmail.com. AD - School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC. mingclin@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220301 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Nitrogen Oxides) RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) RN - 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide) RN - 66H7ZZK23N (Ozone) RN - S7G510RUBH (Nitrogen Dioxide) SB - IM MH - *Air Pollutants/analysis/toxicity MH - *Air Pollution/adverse effects/analysis MH - Child, Preschool MH - Environmental Exposure/analysis MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - *Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/epidemiology/etiology MH - Nitric Oxide MH - Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis MH - Nitrogen Oxides/analysis MH - *Ozone/analysis MH - Particulate Matter/analysis MH - Pregnancy PMC - PMC8888747 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2022/03/03 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/13 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/01 CRDT- 2022/03/02 06:13 PHST- 2021/06/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/02 06:13 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-07081-y [pii] AID - 7081 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-07081-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 1;12(1):3415. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-07081-y.