PMID- 35236264
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220916
LR  - 20230301
IS  - 1875-6190 (Electronic)
IS  - 1570-159X (Print)
IS  - 1570-159X (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 10
DP  - 2022
TI  - Prospective Investigation of Glutamate Levels and Percentage Gray Matter in the 
      Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Females at Risk for Postpartum Depression.
PG  - 1988-2000
LID - 10.2174/1570159X20666220302101115 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The substantial female hormone fluctuations associated with pregnancy 
      and postpartum have been linked to a greater risk of developing depressive 
      symptoms, particularly in high-risk women (HRW), i.e. those with histories of 
      mood sensitivity to female hormone fluctuations. We have shown that glutamate 
      (Glu) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) decrease during 
      perimenopause, a period of increased risk of developing a major depressive 
      episode. Our team has also demonstrated that percentage gray matter (%GM), 
      another neural correlate of maternal brain health, decreases in the MPFC during 
      pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate MPFC Glu levels and %GM from late pregnancy 
      up to 7 weeks postpartum in HRW and healthy pregnant women (HPW). METHODS: 
      Single-voxel spectra were acquired from the MPFC of 41 HPW and 22 HRW using 3- 
      Tesla in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at five different time 
      points. RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant interaction between time 
      and group for the metabolite Glu, with Glu levels being lower for HRW during 
      pregnancy and early postpartum (p<0.05). MPFC %GM was initially lower during 
      pregnancy and then significantly increased over time in both groups (p<0.01). 
      CONCLUSION: This investigation suggests that the vulnerability towards PPD is 
      associated with unique fluctuations of MPFC Glu levels during pregnancy and early 
      postpartum period. Our results also suggest that the decline in MPFC %GM 
      associated with pregnancy seems to progressively recover over time. Further 
      investigations are needed to determine the specific role that female hormones 
      play on the physiological changes in %GM during pregnancy and postpartum.
CI  - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at 
      epub@benthamscience.net.
FAU - Ghuman, Arjun
AU  - Ghuman A
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - McEwen, Alyssa
AU  - McEwen A
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Tran, Kim Hoang
AU  - Tran KH
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Mitchell, Nicholas
AU  - Mitchell N
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Hanstock, Chris
AU  - Hanstock C
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 
      Canada.
FAU - Seres, Peter
AU  - Seres P
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 
      Canada.
FAU - Jhangri, Gian
AU  - Jhangri G
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 
      Canada.
FAU - Burgess, Denee
AU  - Burgess D
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Baker, Glen
AU  - Baker G
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Le Melledo, Jean-Michel
AU  - Le Melledo JM
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United Arab Emirates
TA  - Curr Neuropharmacol
JT  - Current neuropharmacology
JID - 101157239
RN  - 0 (Hormones)
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Depression, Postpartum/metabolism
MH  - *Depressive Disorder, Major/metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Glutamic Acid/metabolism
MH  - Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging/metabolism
MH  - Hormones/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging/metabolism
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prospective Studies
PMC - PMC9886796
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Glutamate
OT  - depression
OT  - gray matter
OT  - magnetic resonance spectroscopy
OT  - postpartum
OT  - pregnancy
EDAT- 2022/03/04 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/17 06:00
PMCR- 2023/02/28
CRDT- 2022/03/03 05:30
PHST- 2021/12/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/02/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/03/03 05:30 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - CN-EPUB-121232 [pii]
AID - CN-20-1988 [pii]
AID - 10.2174/1570159X20666220302101115 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Neuropharmacol. 2022;20(10):1988-2000. doi: 
      10.2174/1570159X20666220302101115.