PMID- 35237697 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220502 IS - 2325-9671 (Print) IS - 2325-9671 (Electronic) IS - 2325-9671 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 2 DP - 2022 Feb TI - Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy and Labral Reconstruction: A Propensity-Matched Controlled Study With Minimum 2-Year Follow-up. PG - 23259671221075642 LID - 10.1177/23259671221075642 [doi] LID - 23259671221075642 AB - BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of literature evaluating the effect of cigarette smoking on outcomes in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy and labral reconstruction. PURPOSE: (1) To report minimum 2-year patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores for patients who smoke cigarettes and underwent primary hip arthroscopic labral reconstruction and (2) to compare these results with those of a propensity-matched control group of patients who have never smoked. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Data were collected for all patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for labral reconstruction between January 2011 and January 2019. Patients were eligible for the study if they indicated that they smoked cigarettes within 1 month of surgery and had minimum 2-year postoperative outcome scores for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS), and the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. The percentage of patients achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) was recorded. Rates of revision surgery were also documented. These patients were then propensity matched in a 1:3 ratio to patients who had never smoked (controls) for comparison. RESULTS: A total of 20 patients (20 hips) were included with a mean follow-up of 39.9 +/- 13.0 months and mean age of 41.4 +/- 10.4 years. These patients demonstrated significant improvement from preoperatively to the minimum 2-year follow-up for mHHS, NAHS, and VAS (P < .05). They also achieved MCID for mHHS and VAS at acceptable rates, 70% for both. When outcomes were compared with those of 60 control patients (60 hips), patients who smoke demonstrated lower preoperative PRO scores but similar minimum 2-year postoperative PRO scores for mHHS and NAHS. Patients who smoke demonstrated lower rates of achieving PASS for mHHS (55% vs 75%) and NAHS (40% vs 61.7%) compared with controls; however, these findings were not statistically significant. Rates of secondary surgery were statistically significantly higher in the smoking group compared with controls (25% vs 5%; P = .031). Survivorship for the smoking patients was 80% and 98.3% for the control group. At the two-year mark survivorship was 90% for the smoking group and 100% for the control group (P = .06). CONCLUSION: While smokers can still derive significant improvement from hip arthroscopy, their ultimate functional outcome and rate of secondary surgeries are inferior to those of nonsmokers. As smoking is a significant and modifiable risk factor, we should continue to counsel smokers on smoking cessation prior to and after surgery. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. FAU - Jimenez, Andrew E AU - Jimenez AE AD - American Hip Institute Research Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Lee, Michael S AU - Lee MS AD - American Hip Institute Research Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - George, Tom AU - George T AD - American Hip Institute Research Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Owens, Jade S AU - Owens JS AD - American Hip Institute Research Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Maldonado, David R AU - Maldonado DR AD - American Hip Institute Research Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Saks, Benjamin R AU - Saks BR AD - American Hip Institute Research Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Lall, Ajay C AU - Lall AC AD - American Hip Institute Research Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA. AD - American Hip Institute, Chicago, Illinois, USA. FAU - Domb, Benjamin G AU - Domb BG AD - American Hip Institute Research Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA. AD - American Hip Institute, Chicago, Illinois, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220224 PL - United States TA - Orthop J Sports Med JT - Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine JID - 101620522 PMC - PMC8882953 OTO - NOTNLM OT - femoroacetabular impingement OT - hip arthroscopy OT - labral reconstruction OT - smoking COIS- One or more of the authors has declared the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: B.G.D. has received research support from Arthrex, the Kauffman Foundation, and Stryker; consulting fees from Adventist Hinsdale Hospital, Arthrex, Medacta, and Stryker; education payments from Arthrex, Breg, and Medacta; speaking fees from Arthrex; honoraria from Medacta; royalties from Amplitude, Arthrex, DJO Global, Medacta, Stryker, and Orthomerica; and hospitality payments from Zimmer Biomet and has had ownership interests in the American Hip Institute, Hinsdale Orthopaedics, SCD#3, North Shore Surgical Suites, and Munster Specialty Surgery Center. A.E.J. has received education payments from Medwest. D.R.M. has received hospitality payments from Arthrex, Stryker, and Smith & Nephew. B.R.S. has received grants from Arthrex and speaker fees from DJO Global. A.C.L. has received research support from Arthrex, Stryker, and Medacta; education support from Arthrex, Medwest, and Smith & Nephew; consulting fees from Arthrex and Graymont Medical; and hospitality payments from Zimmer Biomet. AOSSM checks author disclosures against the Open Payments Database (OPD). AOSSM has not conducted an independent investigation on the OPD and disclaims any liability or responsibility relating thereto. EDAT- 2022/03/04 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/04 06:01 PMCR- 2022/02/24 CRDT- 2022/03/03 05:36 PHST- 2021/10/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/11/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/03 05:36 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_23259671221075642 [pii] AID - 10.1177/23259671221075642 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Orthop J Sports Med. 2022 Feb 24;10(2):23259671221075642. doi: 10.1177/23259671221075642. eCollection 2022 Feb.