PMID- 35248386 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220428 LR - 20220428 IS - 1525-3198 (Electronic) IS - 0022-0302 (Linking) VI - 105 IP - 5 DP - 2022 May TI - Revenues and costs of dairy cows with different voluntary waiting periods based on data of a randomized control trial. PG - 4171-4188 LID - S0022-0302(22)00125-4 [pii] LID - 10.3168/jds.2021-20707 [doi] AB - Based on modeling studies, a 1-yr calving interval for dairy cows is generally considered optimal from an economic point of view. Recently some dairy farmers are deliberately extending the voluntary waiting period for insemination (VWP) to extend the calving interval. Reasons to extend the VWP are to reduce the frequency of transitions such as dry-off and calving to improve health, to reduce labor associated with these transitions, and to reduce the number of surplus calves. This study aimed to evaluate yearly revenues, yearly costs, and yearly net partial cash flow (NPCF) for individual cows with a VWP of 50, 125, or 200 d based on data from a randomized control trial. The NPCF included revenues and costs for milk yield, calves born, inseminations, concentrate supply, partial mixed ration (PMR) supply, veterinary treatments, discarded milk due to veterinary treatments, culling, and labor (for milking, calving cows, inseminations, and veterinary treatments). Holstein-Friesian dairy cows (n = 153) within one herd were blocked for parity, calving season, and expected (primiparous cows) or previous (multiparous cows) 305-d milk yield. Cows were randomly assigned within the blocks to 1 of 3 VWP (VWP50, VWP125, or VWP200) in wk 6 after calving, and monitored from wk 6 after calving until wk 6 after the next calving or until culling. Revenues and costs were calculated per individual cow and expressed per cow per year. Revenues from milk and costs for PMR and concentrate contributed most to the yearly NPCF. Total yearly revenues were greater in VWP50 compared with VWP200 (euro3,169 vs. euro2,832), mainly because of euro334 greater milk revenues. Total yearly costs were also greater in VWP50 compared with VWP200 (euro1,964 vs. euro1,729), mainly because of euro102 greater concentrate costs. The VWP was not significantly associated with the NPCF per cow per year. A change in milk, feed, or calf price, or a change in labor costs for calving cows or for inseminations had a greater effect on the yearly NPCF of cows in VWP50 compared with cows in VWP200. To investigate variation in NPCF, cows were grouped for yearly NPCF and categorized into 3 economic classes (EC): EC1 (euro1,400/yr). Cows in EC3 had greatest lactation production per day in the experiment (i.e., kg of milk, protein, fat, lactose), and lowest number of veterinary treatments during the experiment. CI - The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. and Fass Inc. on behalf of the American Dairy Science Association(R). This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). FAU - Burgers, E E A AU - Burgers EEA AD - Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: eline.burgers@wur.nl. FAU - Kok, A AU - Kok A AD - Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Goselink, R M A AU - Goselink RMA AD - Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Hogeveen, H AU - Hogeveen H AD - Business Economics Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6706 KN Wageningen, the Netherlands. FAU - Kemp, B AU - Kemp B AD - Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands. FAU - van Knegsel, A T M AU - van Knegsel ATM AD - Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary DEP - 20220302 PL - United States TA - J Dairy Sci JT - Journal of dairy science JID - 2985126R SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Cattle MH - *Dairying MH - Diet MH - Female MH - Insemination MH - *Lactation MH - Milk/metabolism MH - Parity MH - Pregnancy OTO - NOTNLM OT - economic result OT - extended calving interval OT - extended lactation OT - individual cow variation EDAT- 2022/03/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/29 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/06 20:27 PHST- 2021/05/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/06 20:27 [entrez] AID - S0022-0302(22)00125-4 [pii] AID - 10.3168/jds.2021-20707 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Dairy Sci. 2022 May;105(5):4171-4188. doi: 10.3168/jds.2021-20707. Epub 2022 Mar 2.