PMID- 35249598
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220429
LR  - 20220429
IS  - 1879-1247 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-4375 (Linking)
VI  - 80
DP  - 2022 Feb
TI  - Toward better measurement of traffic injuries - Comparison of anatomical injury 
      measures in predicting the clinical outcomes in motorcycle crashes.
PG  - 175-189
LID - S0022-4375(21)00151-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.11.013 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Little evidence exists in the literature regarding the 
      discrimination power of better anatomical injury measures in differentiating 
      clinical outcomes in motorcycle crashes. Furthermore, multiple injuries to 
      different body parts of the rider are seldom analyzed. This study focuses on 
      comparing anatomical injury measures such as the injury severity score (ISS) and 
      the new injury severity score (NISS) in capturing injuries of multiple injured 
      riders and examining the discriminatory capabilities of the ISS and NISS in 
      predicting clinical outcomes post motorcycle crash. METHODS: The study harnessed 
      unique and comprehensive injury data on 322 riders from the US DOT Federal 
      Highway Administration's Motorcycle Crash Causation Study (MCCS). Detailed 
      exploratory analysis is performed and discrete/ordered statistical models are 
      estimated for three clinical outcomes: mortality risk, trauma risk, and trauma 
      status. RESULTS: Around 9% of the riders died and 45% of the riders had injuries. 
      Around 36% of the riders were hospitalized, disabled, or institutionalized. While 
      a very strong dependence was found between ISS and NISS, ISS underestimated 
      injuries sustained by riders. Statistical models for mortality risk revealed that 
      a unit increase in the ISS and NISS was correlated with a 1.18 and 1.17 times 
      increase in the odds of mortality, respectively. Moreover, a unit increase in ISS 
      and NISS values was correlated with a higher trauma risk by 1.48 and 1.36 times, 
      respectively. Our analysis reveals that the probability of a rider being 
      hospitalized or disabled/institutionalized increases with an increase in the 
      NISS. Conclusions and practical applications: The NISS exhibits significantly 
      better calibration and discriminatory ability in differentiating survivors and 
      non-survivors and in predicting trauma status - underscoring the importance of 
      accounting for microscopic body-part-level injury data in motorcycle crashes. We 
      consider that compared with the KABCO scale, the ISS and NISS are more nuanced 
      scores that can better measure the overall injury intensity and can lead to more 
      targeted countermeasures.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wali, Behram
AU  - Wali B
AD  - Urban Design 4 Health, Inc., 24 Jackie Circle East, Rochester, NY 14612, USA; 
      Senseable City Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, 
      USA. Electronic address: bwali@ud4h.com.
FAU - Ahmad, Numan
AU  - Ahmad N
AD  - Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, 
      Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Electronic address: nahmad1@vols.utk.edu.
FAU - Khattak, Asad J
AU  - Khattak AJ
AD  - University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Electronic address: 
      akhattak@utk.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20211216
PL  - United States
TA  - J Safety Res
JT  - Journal of safety research
JID - 1264241
SB  - IM
MH  - Accidents, Traffic
MH  - Humans
MH  - Injury Severity Score
MH  - Models, Statistical
MH  - *Motorcycles
MH  - *Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anatomical injury measures
OT  - Discrete and ordered models
OT  - Injury severity score
OT  - Mortality
OT  - Motorcycle crash causation
OT  - New injury severity score
OT  - Trauma
OT  - Trauma status
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2022/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/30 06:00
CRDT- 2022/03/07 05:36
PHST- 2020/04/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/11/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/07 05:36 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-4375(21)00151-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.11.013 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Safety Res. 2022 Feb;80:175-189. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.11.013. Epub 2021 Dec 
      16.