PMID- 35250286
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220502
IS  - 1178-7007 (Print)
IS  - 1178-7007 (Electronic)
IS  - 1178-7007 (Linking)
VI  - 15
DP  - 2022
TI  - Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and 
      Non-Diabetics in the Arab Gulf.
PG  - 647-657
LID - 10.2147/DMSO.S350626 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The link between the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 
      vitamin D deficiency has perplexed the medical society due to the controversy in 
      the data available. Saudi Arabia (SA) is a sunny region; however, ample amount of 
      data reported the increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency along with T2DM. 
      Thus, this study aimed to compare vitamin D deficiency between healthy and T2DM 
      patients in SA, alongside with the risk factors associated with that. METHODS: A 
      cross-sectional study was conducted in the Medical Unit, Taibah University in 
      Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, SA, from November 2017 to May 2018. The involved 
      participants were non-diabetics and T2DM men. Measuring vitamin D for T2DM and 
      non-diabetics group was done by trained technicians. Data analysis was done via 
      SPSS. RESULTS: Sixty-four participants (T2DM group = 32; non-diabetics group = 
      32) were recruited, and the mean age of T2DM patients was 48.6 +/- 10.4, while that 
      of the non-diabetics was 42.4 +/- 6.5. The mean of vitamin D level was found higher 
      in the non-diabetic participants than in diabetic patients. There was 
      statistically significant association between vitamin D deficiency and T2DM (P = 
      0.001). Besides, duration of diabetes was the only factor, found to be positively 
      correlated with vitamin D deficiency in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION: Early 
      screening for vitamin D serum-level is recommended for T2DM patients in Saudi 
      Arabia. Therefore, early correction of vitamin D levels should be considered, and 
      medical and scientific societies, along with other sectors such as the media, 
      should highlight and increase the awareness of the importance of vitamin D and 
      the seriousness of its deficiency.
CI  - (c) 2022 Nasr et al.
FAU - Nasr, Muhammed Hassan
AU  - Nasr MH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6521-0290
AD  - Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan 
      Colleges, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Hassan, Bassam Abdul Rasool
AU  - Hassan BAR
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq.
FAU - Othman, Noordin
AU  - Othman N
AD  - Quality Use of Medicines in Umrah and Hajj Pilgrimage Research Group, Department 
      of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taibah University, 
      Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Karuppannan, Mahmathi
AU  - Karuppannan M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6503-3191
AD  - Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 
      Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor, Malaysia.
FAU - Abdulaziz, Noorizan Binti
AU  - Abdulaziz NB
AD  - Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Management and Science 
      University, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
FAU - Mohammed, Ali Haider
AU  - Mohammed AH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5349-4583
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq.
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, 
      Malaysia.
FAU - Alsarani, Mohammed Ahmed
AU  - Alsarani MA
AD  - Laboratory Department, Medical Care Unit, Taibah University, Al-Madinah 
      Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Eskembaji, Mohammed Husain
AU  - Eskembaji MH
AD  - Laboratory Department, Medical Care Unit, Taibah University, Al-Madinah 
      Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Aman, Abdelmannan Mohamed
AU  - Aman AM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9018-6886
AD  - Family Medicine Department, Medical Care Unit, Taibah University, Al-Madinah 
      Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Othman, Gamil
AU  - Othman G
AD  - Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, 
      University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220228
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
JT  - Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy
JID - 101515585
PMC - PMC8896538
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Saudi Arabia
OT  - T2DM
OT  - vitamin D deficiency
COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest for this work and declare that there 
      is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
EDAT- 2022/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/08 06:01
PMCR- 2022/02/28
CRDT- 2022/03/07 06:01
PHST- 2021/12/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/02/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/07 06:01 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/02/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 350626 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/DMSO.S350626 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2022 Feb 28;15:647-657. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S350626. 
      eCollection 2022.