PMID- 35251800
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220308
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Jan
TI  - Parvovirus B19-Associated Myocarditis: A Literature Review of Pediatric Cases.
PG  - e21726
LID - 10.7759/cureus.21726 [doi]
LID - e21726
AB  - Parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection may lead to myocarditis, a life-threatening 
      condition in pediatric patients. In this review, we aim to present published 
      pediatric cases of B19V-associated myocarditis in order to understand the deep 
      complex connections and draw useful conclusions. We performed a comprehensive 
      search of MEDLINE, Science Direct, and Google Scholar electronic databases. A 
      total of 32 cases were included in our study. The most common presenting symptom 
      was tachycardia in 22/32 patients (68.7%), followed by tachypnoea (21/32, 65.6%), 
      fever, and rash (12/32, 37.5% for both of them). Cardiac arrest, loss of 
      consciousness, and systemic infection were associated with the worst prognosis, 
      with statistically significant differences (p-value 0.001, 0.02, 0.001. 
      respectively). A percentage as high as 90.4% of patients with left ventricular 
      (LV) dysfunction and reduced ejection fraction (EF) were discharged. Twelve 
      patients required ventilatory support, five required extracorporeal membrane 
      oxygenation (ECMO), and three underwent heart surgery. Treatment with 
      immunosuppressive agents and immunoglobulin was found to be beneficial for 
      patients (p-value 0.006 and 0.004, respectively). In conclusion, B19V myocarditis 
      has high mortality rates in children. There is no specific antiviral treatment 
      for B19V infection and therapeutic strategies for myocarditis aim to delay the 
      worsening of heart failure and to preserve the LV function. Inotropic drugs, 
      diuresis, ventilatory support, Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and 
      immunosuppressive therapy seem to help the recovery of the myocardium in children 
      with LV dilation, dysfunction, and reduced EF. Children with cardiac arrest, 
      arrhythmias, and loss of consciousness have the worst prognosis.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022, Keramari et al.
FAU - Keramari, Stergiani
AU  - Keramari S
AD  - Second Department of Paediatrics, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki 
      AHEPA, Thessaloniki, GRC.
FAU - Poutoglidis, Alexandros
AU  - Poutoglidis A
AD  - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, George Papanikolaou 
      General Hospital, Thessaloniki, GRC.
FAU - Chatzis, Stefanos
AU  - Chatzis S
AD  - Department of Surgery, 251 Air Force General Hospital, Athens, GRC.
FAU - Keramaris, Michael
AU  - Keramaris M
AD  - Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Kastoria, Kastoria, GRC.
FAU - Savopoulos, Christos
AU  - Savopoulos C
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, University General 
      Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Thessaloniki, GRC.
FAU - Kaiafa, Georgia
AU  - Kaiafa G
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, University General 
      Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Thessaloniki, GRC.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220130
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC8886913
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - infection rates
OT  - myocarditis
OT  - parvovirus b19
OT  - pediatrics
OT  - treatment choices
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2022/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/08 06:01
PMCR- 2022/01/30
CRDT- 2022/03/07 06:06
PHST- 2022/01/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/07 06:06 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.21726 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2022 Jan 30;14(1):e21726. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21726. eCollection 2022 
      Jan.