PMID- 35257017 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220309 IS - 2352-2895 (Print) IS - 2352-2895 (Electronic) IS - 2352-2895 (Linking) VI - 17 DP - 2022 Mar TI - The relationship between recent PTSD secondary to sexual assault, hippocampal volume and resting state functional connectivity in adolescent girls. PG - 100441 LID - 10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100441 [doi] LID - 100441 AB - OBJECTIVE: Improved understanding of the time course of neural changes associated with adolescent PTSD would elucidate the development of the disorder and could inform approaches to treatment. We compared hippocampal volumes and resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) in adolescent girls with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) secondary to sexual assault, within six months of onset and age- and gender-matched, non-trauma exposed healthy controls (HCs) in Sao Paulo, Brazil. We also examined the relationship between pre- and post-treatment PTSD symptoms and RSFC. METHOD: We collected brain structure, RSFC, and PTSD symptoms in 30 adolescents with PTSD (mean age: 15.7 +/- 1.04 years) and 21 HCs (mean age: 16.2 +/- 1.21 years) at baseline. We collected repeated measures in 21 participants with PTSD following treatment; 9 participants dropped out. Hippocampal volume and RSFC from hippocampal and default mode network (DMN) seeds were compared between participants with PTSD and HCs. We examined associations between within-subject changes in RSFC and PTSD symptoms following treatment. RESULTS: No hippocampal volumetric differences between groups were found. Compared to HCs, adolescents with recent PTSD had reduced RSFC between hippocampus and the lateral parietal node of the DMN, encompassing the angular gyrus, peak coordinates: -38, -54, 16; 116 voxels; peak F (1,47) = 31.76; FDR corrected p = 0.038. Improvements in PTSD symptoms were associated with increased RSFC between hippocampus and part of the lateral parietal node of the DMN, peak coordinates: -38, -84, 38; 316 voxels; peak F (1,47) = 40.28; FDR corrected p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with recent PTSD had reduced hippocampal-DMN RSFC, while no group differences in hippocampal volume were found, suggesting that hippocampal function, but not structure, is altered early in the course of PSTD. Following treatment, hippocampal-DMN RSFC increased with symptom improvement and may indicate an important neural mechanism related to successful PTSD treatment. CI - (c) 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Sussman, Tamara J AU - Sussman TJ AD - Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr., New York, NY, 10032, USA. FAU - Posner, Jonathan AU - Posner J AD - Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr., New York, NY, 10032, USA. FAU - Jackowski, Andrea Parolin AU - Jackowski AP AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Correa, Adriana AU - Correa A AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Hoffmann, Elis Viviane AU - Hoffmann EV AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Porto de Oliveira Peruzzi, Fernanda AU - Porto de Oliveira Peruzzi F AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Grecco, Fernando Rodrigues AU - Grecco FR AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Nitzsche, Samara Hipolito AU - Nitzsche SH AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Mesquita, Maria Eugenia AU - Mesquita ME AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Foester, Bernd Uwe AU - Foester BU AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Benatti di Cillo, Felipe AU - Benatti di Cillo F AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Mello, Marcelo Feijo AU - Mello MF AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. FAU - Coelho Milani, Ana Carolina AU - Coelho Milani AC AD - Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, R Rua Major Maragliano, 241, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, 04017030, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220225 PL - United States TA - Neurobiol Stress JT - Neurobiology of stress JID - 101643409 PMC - PMC8897602 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent OT - Default mode network OT - Female OT - Hippocampus OT - Post-traumatic OT - Resting state functional connectivity OT - Stress disorders COIS- This study was financed in part by the 10.13039/501100002322Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES; Finance Code 001, 88882,306570/2018-01) and by 10.13039/501100001807FAPESP (2014/12559-5). This study was also funded by grants from the 10.13039/100000002National Institutes of Health: K08DA049913 (Dr. Sussman) and R01MH121070 (Dr. Posner). Dr. Posner has received research support from Takeda (formerly Shire) and Aevi Genomics and served on an advisory board for Innovation Sciences. All other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/09 06:01 PMCR- 2022/02/25 CRDT- 2022/03/08 05:39 PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/09 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/08 05:39 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/09 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/02/25 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2352-2895(22)00016-9 [pii] AID - 100441 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100441 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Neurobiol Stress. 2022 Feb 25;17:100441. doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100441. eCollection 2022 Mar.