PMID- 35269225
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220314
IS  - 2079-4991 (Print)
IS  - 2079-4991 (Electronic)
IS  - 2079-4991 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 5
DP  - 2022 Feb 22
TI  - Synthesis of Super-Long Carbon Nanotubes from Cellulosic Biomass under Microwave 
      Radiation.
LID - 10.3390/nano12050737 [doi]
LID - 737
AB  - This study reports a novel method for synthesizing super-long carbon nanotubes 
      (SL-CNTs) from cellulose via a microwave treatment process without an external 
      catalyst. CNTs with a length of 0.7-2 mm were obtained via microwave treatment of 
      cellulose biochar temperatures of 1200-1400  degrees C. Scanning electron microscope 
      (SEM), together with high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) 
      results, were used to investigate the changes in the length and morphology of 
      CNTs with respect to treatment temperature. The morphology of CNTs changed from 
      twisted, curved, and threadlike to straight structures. The average length of 
      CNTs after microwave pyrolysis at 600  degrees C was approximately 600-1800 nm, which 
      after microwave treatment at 1300  degrees C and 1400  degrees C increased to about 1-2 mm. X-ray 
      diffractometer (XRD) results confirmed the crystalline structure of CNTs with two 
      prominent peaks at 2theta = 26.3 degrees  and 2theta = 43.2 degrees  correlating with the graphite (002) 
      and (100) reflections. The I(D)/I(G) ratio obtained from Raman spectra of the 
      CNTs decreased to the lowest value of 0.84 after microwave treatment at 1400  degrees C, 
      implying a high degree of carbon order. The presence of Fe and trace amounts of 
      other elements were confirmed by the energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) 
      and were postulated to have catalyzed the growth of CNTs. The mechanism of the 
      SL-CNTs growth under microwave treatment was proposed and discussed.
FAU - Esohe Omoriyekomwan, Joy
AU  - Esohe Omoriyekomwan J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Advanced Coal and Coking Technology of Liaoning Province, 
      School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 
      Anshan 114051, China.
FAU - Tahmasebi, Arash
AU  - Tahmasebi A
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, 
      Australia.
FAU - Zhang, Jian
AU  - Zhang J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Advanced Coal and Coking Technology of Liaoning Province, 
      School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 
      Anshan 114051, China.
FAU - Yu, Jianglong
AU  - Yu J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Advanced Coal and Coking Technology of Liaoning Province, 
      School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 
      Anshan 114051, China.
AD  - Monash Research Institute of Science and Technology (Suzhou Industrial Park), 
      Southeast University-Monash University Joint Graduate School, Suzhou 215000, 
      China.
LA  - eng
GR  - 22078141/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220222
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nanomaterials (Basel)
JT  - Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101610216
PMC - PMC8911566
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - carbon materials
OT  - microwave radiation
OT  - super-long carbon nanotubes
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/03/11 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/11 06:01
PMCR- 2022/02/22
CRDT- 2022/03/10 15:33
PHST- 2022/01/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/01/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/10 15:33 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/11 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/02/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nano12050737 [pii]
AID - nanomaterials-12-00737 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nano12050737 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Feb 22;12(5):737. doi: 10.3390/nano12050737.