PMID- 35276782
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220315
LR  - 20220315
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 3
DP  - 2022 Jan 18
TI  - Co-toxicity of Endotoxin and Indoxyl Sulfate, Gut-Derived Bacterial Metabolites, 
      to Vascular Endothelial Cells in Coronary Arterial Disease Accompanied by Gut 
      Dysbiosis.
LID - 10.3390/nu14030424 [doi]
LID - 424
AB  - Gut dysbiosis, alongside a high-fat diet and cigarette smoking, is considered one 
      of the factors promoting coronary arterial disease (CAD) development. The present 
      study aimed to research whether gut dysbiosis can increase bacterial metabolites 
      concentration in the blood of CAD patients and what impact these metabolites can 
      exert on endothelial cells. The gut microbiomes of 15 age-matched CAD patients 
      and healthy controls were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. The in vitro 
      impact of LPS and indoxyl sulfate at concentrations present in patients' sera on 
      endothelial cells was investigated. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed gut 
      dysbiosis in CAD patients, further confirmed by elevated LPS and indoxyl sulfate 
      levels in patients' sera. CAD was associated with depletion of Bacteroidetes and 
      Alistipes. LPS and indoxyl sulfate demonstrated co-toxicity to endothelial cells 
      inducing reactive oxygen species, E-selectin, and monocyte chemoattractant 
      protein-1 (MCP-1) production. Moreover, both of these metabolites promoted 
      thrombogenicity of endothelial cells confirmed by monocyte adherence. The 
      co-toxicity of LPS and indoxyl sulfate was associated with harmful effects on 
      endothelial cells, strongly suggesting that gut dysbiosis-associated increased 
      intestinal permeability can initiate or promote endothelial inflammation and 
      atherosclerosis progression.
FAU - Choroszy, Marcin
AU  - Choroszy M
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 
      51-657 Wroclaw, Poland.
FAU - Sobieszczanska, Beata
AU  - Sobieszczanska B
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 
      51-657 Wroclaw, Poland.
FAU - Litwinowicz, Kamil
AU  - Litwinowicz K
AD  - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10 
      Street, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
FAU - Laczmanski, Lukasz
AU  - Laczmanski L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0874-5483
AD  - Laboratory of Genomics & Bioinformatics, Institute of Immunology and Experimental 
      Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12 Street, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
FAU - Chmielarz, Mateusz
AU  - Chmielarz M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5364-6556
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 
      51-657 Wroclaw, Poland.
FAU - Walczuk, Urszula
AU  - Walczuk U
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4344-9882
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 
      51-657 Wroclaw, Poland.
FAU - Roleder, Tomasz
AU  - Roleder T
AD  - Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital, Kamienskiego 73a 
      Street, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland.
FAU - Radziejewska, Jadwiga
AU  - Radziejewska J
AD  - Klodzko County Hospital, 57-300 Klodzko, Poland.
FAU - Wawrzynska, Magdalena
AU  - Wawrzynska M
AD  - Department of Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical 
      University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
LA  - eng
GR  - STM.A130.20.158/Wroclaw Medical University, Poland/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220118
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Endotoxins)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)
RN  - N187WK1Y1J (Indican)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Dysbiosis/microbiology
MH  - Endothelial Cells
MH  - Endotoxins
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Indican/toxicity
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
PMC - PMC8840142
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bacteroidetes
OT  - LPS
OT  - coronary artery disease
OT  - dysbiosis
OT  - gut microbiome
OT  - indoxyl sulfate
OT  - obesity
COIS- The authors declare no known competing financial interests or personal 
      relationships that could influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2022/03/13 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:00
PMCR- 2022/01/18
CRDT- 2022/03/12 01:00
PHST- 2021/11/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/01/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/12 01:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu14030424 [pii]
AID - nutrients-14-00424 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu14030424 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2022 Jan 18;14(3):424. doi: 10.3390/nu14030424.