PMID- 35284896
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220316
IS  - 2667-114X (Electronic)
IS  - 2667-114X (Linking)
VI  - 1
DP  - 2021
TI  - Not gone but forgotten: Tritrichomonas foetus in extensively-managed bulls from 
      Australia's Northern Territory.
PG  - 100012
LID - 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100012 [doi]
LID - 100012
AB  - Bovine trichomonosis, caused by infection with the protozoan parasite 
      Tritrichomonas foetus, is globally recognised as a cause of reproductive failure 
      in cattle. Maintained in clinically normal bulls, T. foetus infection results in 
      infertility and abortion in infected cows. In Australia's Northern Territory 
      (NT), logistical limitations associated with extensive livestock production 
      inhibit wide-scale testing and diagnosis, allowing the parasite to persist 
      undetected. In the present study, T. foetus was detected in 18/109 preputial 
      cultures collected from bulls on a property in the NT with a history of low birth 
      rates and reproductive failure using real-time PCR testing. Of the 
      T. foetus-positive samples, 13/18 were genotyped using the internal transcribed 
      spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S rDNA unit. Selected samples were 
      further characterised using the protein-coding genes of cysteine proteases (CP-1, 
      2, 4-9) and cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH-1) to determine if the isolates 
      were 'bovine', 'feline' or 'Southern Africa' genotypes. All samples were 100% 
      identical to the T. foetus 'bovine' genotype across all markers. This is the 
      first reported case of trichomonosis in Australian cattle since 1988 and is a 
      reminder that T. foetus should be considered whenever reproductive failure occurs 
      in extensive cattle systems.
CI  - (c) 2021 The Author(s).
FAU - Calvani, Nichola Eliza Davies
AU  - Calvani NED
AD  - Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary 
      Industries and Environment, Menangle 2565, NSW, Australia.
AD  - Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, 
      Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Slapeta, Jan
AU  - Slapeta J
AD  - Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, 
      Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Onizawa, Emily
AU  - Onizawa E
AD  - Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary 
      Industries and Environment, Menangle 2565, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Eamens, Kieran
AU  - Eamens K
AD  - Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary 
      Industries and Environment, Menangle 2565, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Jenkins, Cheryl
AU  - Jenkins C
AD  - Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary 
      Industries and Environment, Menangle 2565, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Westman, Mark Edward
AU  - Westman ME
AD  - Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary 
      Industries and Environment, Menangle 2565, NSW, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210202
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis
JT  - Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases
JID - 9918226380706676
PMC - PMC8906082
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bovine trichomonosis
OT  - Culture
OT  - Diagnosis
OT  - Infertility
OT  - Internal transcribed spacer regions
OT  - Molecular characterisation
OT  - Real-time PCR
OT  - Smegma samples
OT  - Veterinary science
COIS- The authors confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with 
      this publication and that there has been no significant financial support for 
      this work that could have influenced its outcome.
EDAT- 2022/03/15 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/15 06:01
PMCR- 2021/02/02
CRDT- 2022/03/14 06:01
PHST- 2020/12/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/01/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/14 06:01 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/15 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2667-114X(21)00006-6 [pii]
AID - 100012 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100012 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2021 Feb 2;1:100012. doi: 
      10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100012. eCollection 2021.