PMID- 35290011 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220330 IS - 1944-8252 (Electronic) IS - 1944-8244 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Mar 30 TI - An Antifatigue Liquid Metal Composite Electrode Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Artificial Muscle with Excellent Electromechanical Properties. PG - 14630-14639 LID - 10.1021/acsami.2c01453 [doi] AB - Ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC), one of the most popular materials in the field of artificial muscle research, have attracted much attention because of their high flexibility, low drive voltage (<10 V), high force density, large deformation, and so forth. However, the results show that the serious electrode fatigue crack and water loss of traditional IPMC greatly decrease its fatigue life and limit the practical application. In this study, we developed a novel liquid metal composite electrode. A layer of eutectic gallium-indium alloy (EGaIn) liquid metal was applied to the surface of the platinum electrode of the IPMC using a mask. Because of the good self-healing performance of the liquid metal, it is expected to solve the above problems of resistance increase and water loss caused by cracks. It turns out that the prepared EGaIn/Pt-IPMC exhibits a driving force up to 120 mN and maximum fatigue life of about 25,000 s at a driving voltage of 3 V. Compared with the best work reported, the fatigue strength of EGaIn/Pt-IPMC was increased by about 210%, and the maximum driving force of EGaIn/Pt-IPMC prepared by a single-layer basement membrane was between the IPMC prepared by 4-6 layer basement membrane. The electromechanical properties were significantly improved, and it is expected to realize a series of bionic applications. FAU - He, Zhihao AU - He Z AD - Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China. AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Jiao, Shasha AU - Jiao S AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Wang, Zhengping AU - Wang Z AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Wang, Yifan AU - Wang Y AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Yang, Mengyu AU - Yang M AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Zhang, Ye AU - Zhang Y AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Liu, Yiwei AU - Liu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9355-5168 AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Wu, Yuanzhao AU - Wu Y AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Shang, Jie AU - Shang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0996-1038 AD - CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. FAU - Chen, Qingming AU - Chen Q AD - Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China. FAU - Li, Run-Wei AU - Li RW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3879-9834 AD - College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220315 PL - United States TA - ACS Appl Mater Interfaces JT - ACS applied materials & interfaces JID - 101504991 SB - IM OTO - NOTNLM OT - antifatigue OT - driving force OT - eutectic gallium-indium OT - ionic polymer metal composites OT - liquid metal OT - tip displacement EDAT- 2022/03/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:01 CRDT- 2022/03/15 17:16 PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/15 17:16 [entrez] AID - 10.1021/acsami.2c01453 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2022 Mar 30;14(12):14630-14639. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c01453. Epub 2022 Mar 15.