PMID- 35300325 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220503 LR - 20220503 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2022 TI - Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined With Lenvatinib Plus PD-1 Inhibitor for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study. PG - 848387 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.848387 [doi] LID - 848387 AB - PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitor (TACE-L-P) versus TACE combined with lenvatinib (TACE-L) for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of advanced HCC patients treated with TACE-L-P (TACE-L-P group) or TACE-L (TACE-L group) from January 2019 to December 2020 were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed. The differences in overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), tumor responses (based on modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) and adverse events (AEs) were compared between the two groups. Potential factors affecting OS and PFS were determined. RESULTS: A total of 81 patients were included in this study. Among them, 41 received TACE-L-P and 40 received TACE-L. The patients in TACE-L-P group had prolonged OS (median, 16.9 vs. 12.1 months, P=0.009), longer PFS (median, 7.3 vs. 4.0 months, P=0.002) and higher objective response rate (56.1% vs. 32.5%, P=0.033) and disease control rate (85.4% vs. 62.5%, P=0.019) than those in TACE-L group. Multivariate analyses revealed that the treatment option of TACE-L, main portal vein invasion and extrahepatic metastasis were the independent risk factors for OS, while TACE-L and extrahepatic metastasis were the independent risk factors for PFS. In subgroup analyses, a superior survival benefit was achieved with TACE-L-P in patients with extrahepatic metastasis or tumor number >3 but not in those with main portal vein invasion. The incidence and severity of AEs in TACE-L-P group were comparable to those in TACE-L group (any grade, 92.7% vs. 95.0%, P=1.000; grade 3, 36.6% vs. 32.5%, P=0.699). CONCLUSION: TACE-L-P significantly improved survival over TACE-L with an acceptable safety profile in advanced HCC patients, especially those with extrahepatic metastasis or tumor number >3 but without main portal vein invasion. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Cai, Huang, Huang, Shi, Guo, Liang, Zhou, Lin, Cao, Chen, Zhou and Zhu. FAU - Cai, Mingyue AU - Cai M AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Wensou AU - Huang W AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Jingjun AU - Huang J AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Shi, Wenbo AU - Shi W AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Guo, Yongjian AU - Guo Y AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liang, Licong AU - Liang L AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhou, Jingwen AU - Zhou J AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Lin, Liteng AU - Lin L AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Cao, Bihui AU - Cao B AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Chen, Ye AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhou, Juan AU - Zhou J AD - Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zhu, Kangshun AU - Zhu K AD - Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Radiology Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220301 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 0 (Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - EE083865G2 (lenvatinib) SB - IM MH - *Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology MH - *Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/adverse effects MH - Humans MH - Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors MH - *Liver Neoplasms/pathology MH - Phenylurea Compounds MH - Quinolines MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC8921060 OTO - NOTNLM OT - PD-1 inhibitor OT - combined therapy OT - hepatocellular carcinoma OT - immune checkpoint inhibitor OT - lenvatinib OT - transarterial chemoembolization COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/03/19 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/04 06:00 PMCR- 2022/01/01 CRDT- 2022/03/18 05:20 PHST- 2022/01/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/18 05:20 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.848387 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2022 Mar 1;13:848387. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.848387. eCollection 2022.