PMID- 35300407
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220319
IS  - 2296-634X (Print)
IS  - 2296-634X (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-634X (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2022
TI  - Roles of the Neuron-Restrictive Silencer Factor in the Pathophysiological Process 
      of the Central Nervous System.
PG  - 834620
LID - 10.3389/fcell.2022.834620 [doi]
LID - 834620
AB  - The neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF), also known as repressor element 1 
      (RE-1) silencing transcription factor (REST) or X2 box repressor (XBR), is a zinc 
      finger transcription factor that is widely expressed in neuronal and non-neuronal 
      cells. It is a master regulator of the nervous system, and the function of NRSF 
      is the basis of neuronal differentiation, diversity, plasticity, and survival. 
      NRSF can bind to the neuron-restrictive silencer element (NRSE), recruit some 
      co-repressors, and then inhibit transcription of NRSE downstream genes through 
      epigenetic mechanisms. In neurogenesis, NRSF functions not only as a 
      transcriptional silencer that can mediate the transcriptional inhibition of 
      neuron-specific genes in non-neuronal cells and thus give neuron cells 
      specificity, but also as a transcriptional activator to induce neuronal 
      differentiation. Many studies have confirmed the association between NRSF and 
      brain disorders, such as brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases. 
      Overexpression, underexpression, or mutation may lead to neurological disorders. 
      In tumorigenesis, NRSF functions as an oncogene in neuronal tumors, such as 
      neuroblastomas, medulloblastomas, and pheochromocytomas, stimulating their 
      proliferation, which results in poor prognosis. Additionally, NRSF-mediated 
      selective targets gene repression plays an important role in the development and 
      maintenance of neuropathic pain caused by nerve injury, cancer, and diabetes. At 
      present, several compounds that target NRSF or its co-repressors, such as 
      REST-VP16 and X5050, have been shown to be clinically effective against many 
      brain diseases, such as seizures, implying that NRSF and its co-repressors may be 
      potential and promising therapeutic targets for neural disorders. In the present 
      review, we introduced the biological characteristics of NRSF; reviewed the 
      progress to date in understanding the roles of NRSF in the pathophysiological 
      processes of the nervous system, such as neurogenesis, brain disorders, neural 
      tumorigenesis, and neuropathic pain; and suggested new therapeutic approaches to 
      such brain diseases.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Su, Shen, Wang, Song, Yang, Wu, Shen and Zhu.
FAU - Su, Xin-Jin
AU  - Su XJ
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao 
      Tong University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Shen, Bei-Duo
AU  - Shen BD
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji 
      University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Wang, Kun
AU  - Wang K
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao 
      Tong University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Song, Qing-Xin
AU  - Song QX
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao 
      Tong University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Yang, Xue
AU  - Yang X
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao 
      Tong University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Wu, De-Sheng
AU  - Wu DS
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji 
      University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Shen, Hong-Xing
AU  - Shen HX
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao 
      Tong University, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Zhu, Chao
AU  - Zhu C
AD  - Department of Spine Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao 
      Tong University, Shanghai, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220301
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Cell Dev Biol
JT  - Frontiers in cell and developmental biology
JID - 101630250
PMC - PMC8921553
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - brain disorders
OT  - neurogenesis
OT  - neuron-restrictive silencer element
OT  - neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF)
OT  - neuropathic pain
OT  - tumorigenesis
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/03/19 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/19 06:01
PMCR- 2022/01/01
CRDT- 2022/03/18 05:21
PHST- 2021/12/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/18 05:21 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 834620 [pii]
AID - 10.3389/fcell.2022.834620 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Mar 1;10:834620. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.834620. 
      eCollection 2022.