PMID- 35304063 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220510 LR - 20220531 IS - 1467-2995 (Electronic) IS - 1467-2987 (Linking) VI - 49 IP - 3 DP - 2022 May TI - A composite scale to recognize abdominal pain and its variation over time in response to analgesia in rabbits. PG - 323-328 LID - S1467-2987(22)00015-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.09.020 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: To refine a composite scale for pain evaluation in rabbits and evaluate it for pain variations over time. To determine the differences between objective-Centro Animali Non Convenzionali Rabbit Scale (CANCRS) and subjective-Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in assessing abdominal pain. STUDY DESIGN: Observational case-control study. ANIMALS: A total of 86 rabbits, 47 healthy animals and 39 animals with gastrointestinal stasis syndrome (RGIS), participated in the study; of 39 animals with RGIS, 32 animals participated in the second part of the study. METHODS: In part 1, rabbits underwent pain assessments with VAS and CANCRS. In part 2, the animals underwent four pain assessments with three CANCRS. The first assessment was performed prior to pain management, the others after 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Statistics included Mann-Whitney U test for in-between group comparisons and analysis of variance to assess differences over time. Sensitivity and specificity for each variable of CANCRS were calculated to obtain weighting factors. RESULTS: CANCRS showed differences between healthy and diseased rabbits (p = 0.0001), and median scores were 5 [interquartile range (IQR): 4-6) and 9 (IQR: 7-11), respectively. VAS showed differences between healthy and diseased rabbits (p = 0.02), and median scores were 4 (IQR: 2-5.35) and 5.3 (IQR: 2.65-6.45), respectively. The cut-off scores for CANCRS and VAS for differentiation between healthy and diseased rabbits were 7 (specificity 89%, sensitivity 79%) and 4.4 (specificity 59%, sensitivity 69%), respectively. Internal validity testing of CANCRS was significant at each time point. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Some variables should be excluded from CANCRS when assessing abdominal pain. CANCRS performed better than VAS, and it detected variations in pain in response to analgesia. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Banchi, Penelope AU - Banchi P AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy. FAU - Quaranta, Giuseppe AU - Quaranta G AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy. FAU - Ricci, Alessandro AU - Ricci A AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy. FAU - Mauthe von Degerfeld, Mitzy AU - Mauthe von Degerfeld M AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy. Electronic address: mitzy.mauthe@unito.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Observational Study, Veterinary DEP - 20220209 PL - United States TA - Vet Anaesth Analg JT - Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia JID - 100956422 SB - IM MH - Abdominal Pain/diagnosis/veterinary MH - *Analgesia/veterinary MH - Animals MH - Case-Control Studies MH - *Pain Management/veterinary MH - Pain Measurement/veterinary MH - Pain, Postoperative/veterinary MH - Rabbits OTO - NOTNLM OT - gastrointestinal stasis OT - meloxicam OT - pain OT - pain scale OT - rabbit EDAT- 2022/03/20 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/11 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/19 05:28 PHST- 2020/12/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/09/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/19 05:28 [entrez] AID - S1467-2987(22)00015-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.09.020 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vet Anaesth Analg. 2022 May;49(3):323-328. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.09.020. Epub 2022 Feb 9.