PMID- 35307023
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220324
IS  - 2055-5660 (Print)
IS  - 2055-5660 (Electronic)
IS  - 2055-5660 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Mar 20
TI  - The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) can deteriorate vaccination efficacy against 
      porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) at subtoxic levels.
PG  - 13
LID - 10.1186/s40813-022-00254-1 [doi]
LID - 13
AB  - BACKGROUND: Feedgrain contamination with mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol 
      (DON, "vomitoxin") is relatively frequently encountered. Pigs are particularly 
      sensitive to the toxicity of DON. To assess the interplay between DON and porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), we performed an experimental 
      DON exposure-PRRSV vaccination-challenge infection trial. Three-week-old piglets 
      were divided into four groups. Groups I, II and III (10 animals/group) were 
      vaccinated with a PRRSV modified live vaccine and 2 weeks later challenged with a 
      heterologous field strain. While group I was not supplemented with DON, animals 
      in groups II and III received DON for 4 weeks prior to challenge infection at 
      levels that can be encountered in pig feed, employing a low-dose or high-dose 
      regime (group II: 40 microg DON/kg body weight per day; group III: 80 microg DON/kg body 
      weight per day, corresponding to approx. 1 or 2 mg DON/kg feed, respectively). 
      Eight animals (group IV; unvaccinated, not DON exposed) served as control animals 
      for the challenge infection. RESULTS: We assessed clinical signs, virus load in 
      serum and various organs as well as antibody titres in the animals. All 
      vaccinated animals mounted an efficient PRRSV-specific antibody response within 
      2 weeks, except for 20% of the animals receiving the higher DON dose. Upon virus 
      challenge, the vaccinated animals in group I were protected from clinical signs. 
      Vaccinated DON-exposed animals in group II and III were protected from clinical 
      signs to a lesser extent. Clinical signs in group III receiving the higher dose 
      of DON were as severe as in the (unvaccinated, not DON exposed) control group IV. 
      The animals of group III also displayed lower antibody titres compared with the 
      animals in group I and II. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental vaccination/challenge 
      study therefore revealed that exposure of pigs to DON for a period of 4 weeks 
      deteriorates the efficacy of vaccination against clinical signs of PRRS.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s).
FAU - Ruckner, Antje
AU  - Ruckner A
AD  - Centre for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
FAU - Plagge, Lisa
AU  - Plagge L
AD  - Centre for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
FAU - Heenemann, Kristin
AU  - Heenemann K
AD  - Centre for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
FAU - Harzer, Maxi
AU  - Harzer M
AD  - Centre for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
FAU - Thaa, Bastian
AU  - Thaa B
AD  - Centre for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
FAU - Winkler, Janine
AU  - Winkler J
AD  - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Federal Research 
      Institute for Animal Health, Brunswick, Germany.
FAU - Danicke, Sven
AU  - Danicke S
AD  - Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Federal Research 
      Institute for Animal Health, Brunswick, Germany.
FAU - Kauffold, Johannes
AU  - Kauffold J
AD  - Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of 
      Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
FAU - Vahlenkamp, Thomas W
AU  - Vahlenkamp TW
AD  - Centre for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. 
      thomas.vahlenkamp@uni-leipzig.de.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220320
PL  - England
TA  - Porcine Health Manag
JT  - Porcine health management
JID - 101684126
PMC - PMC8935682
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Arterivirus
OT  - Challenge
OT  - Deoxynivalenol
OT  - Modified live vaccine
OT  - Mycotoxin
OT  - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
OT  - Vaccination
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2022/03/22 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/22 06:01
PMCR- 2022/03/20
CRDT- 2022/03/21 05:29
PHST- 2021/12/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/02/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/21 05:29 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/22 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/03/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s40813-022-00254-1 [pii]
AID - 254 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s40813-022-00254-1 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Porcine Health Manag. 2022 Mar 20;8(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s40813-022-00254-1.