PMID- 35315711
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220429
LR  - 20231020
IS  - 2165-0497 (Electronic)
IS  - 2165-0497 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 2
DP  - 2022 Apr 27
TI  - Systemic Homologous Neutralizing Antibodies Are Inadequate for the Evaluation of 
      Vaccine Protective Efficacy against Coinfection by High Virulent PEDV and PRRSV.
PG  - e0257421
LID - 10.1128/spectrum.02574-21 [doi]
LID - e02574-21
AB  - G2 porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (G2 PEDV) and highly pathogenic porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 (HP-PRRSV2) are two of the most 
      prevalent swine pathogens in China's swine herds, and their coinfection occurs 
      commonly. Several PED and PRRS vaccines have been utilized in China for decades, 
      and systemic homologous neutralizing antibodies (shnAbs) in serum are frequently 
      used to evaluate the protective efficacy of PED and PRRS vaccines. To develop a 
      vaccine candidate against G2 PEDV and HP-PRRSV2 coinfection, in this study, we 
      generated a chimeric virus (rJSTZ1712-12-S) expressing S protein of G2 PEDV using 
      an avirulent HP-PRRSV2 rJSTZ1712-12 infectious clone as the viral vector. The 
      rJSTZ1712-12-S strain has similar replication efficacies as the parental 
      rJSTZ1712-12 virus. In addition, animal inoculation indicated that rJSTZ1712-12-S 
      is not pathogenic to piglets and can induce shnAbs against both G2 PEDV and 
      HP-PRRSV2 isolates after prime-boost immunization. However, passive transfer 
      study in neonatal piglets deprived of sow colostrum showed that 
      rJSTZ1712-12-S-induced shnAbs may only decrease PEDV and PRRSV viremia but cannot 
      confer sufficient protection against dual challenge of high virulent G2 PEDV 
      XJ1904-34 strain and HP-PRRSV2 XJ17-5 isolate. Overall, this study provides the 
      first evidence that shnAbs confer insufficient protection against PEDV and PRRSV 
      coinfection and are inadequate for the evaluation of protective efficacy of PED 
      and PRRS bivalent vaccine (especially for the PED vaccine). IMPORTANCE Porcine 
      epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome 
      virus (PRRSV) coinfection occurs commonly and can synergistically reduce feed 
      intake and pig growth. Vaccination is an effective strategy utilized for PED and 
      PRRS control, and systemic homologous neutralizing antibodies (shnAbs) in serum 
      are commonly used for protective efficacy evaluation of PED and PRRS vaccines. 
      Currently, no commercial vaccine is available against PEDV and PRRSV coinfection. 
      This study generated a chimeric vaccine candidate against the coinfection of 
      prevalent PEDV and PRRSV in China. The chimeric strain can induce satisfied 
      shnAbs against both PEDV and PRRSV after prime-boost inoculation in pigs. But the 
      shnAbs cannot confer sufficient protection against PEDV and PRRSV coinfection in 
      neonatal piglets. To the best of our knowledge, these findings provide the first 
      evidence that shnAbs confer insufficient protection against PEDV and PRRSV 
      coinfection and are inadequate for evaluating PED and PRRS bivalent vaccine 
      protective efficacy.
FAU - Qiu, Ming
AU  - Qiu M
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Li, Shubin
AU  - Li S
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Ye, Mengxue
AU  - Ye M
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Li, Jixiang
AU  - Li J
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Sun, Zhe
AU  - Sun Z
AD  - National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, Henan, China.
FAU - Li, Xinshuai
AU  - Li X
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Xu, Yulin
AU  - Xu Y
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Xiao, Yanzhao
AU  - Xiao Y
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Li, Chen
AU  - Li C
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Feng, Binghui
AU  - Feng B
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Lin, Hong
AU  - Lin H
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Zheng, Wanglong
AU  - Zheng W
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Yu, Xiuling
AU  - Yu X
AD  - National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, Henan, China.
FAU - Tian, Kegong
AU  - Tian K
AD  - National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, Henan, China.
FAU - Zhu, Jianzhong
AU  - Zhu J
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
AD  - Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, 
      Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
AD  - Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, 
      Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
AD  - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention 
      and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Chen, Nanhua
AU  - Chen N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1909-8760
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
AD  - Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, 
      Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
AD  - Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, 
      Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
AD  - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention 
      and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220322
PL  - United States
TA  - Microbiol Spectr
JT  - Microbiology spectrum
JID - 101634614
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
RN  - 0 (Vaccines, Combined)
RN  - 0 (Viral Vaccines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Neutralizing
MH  - Antibodies, Viral
MH  - *Coinfection/prevention & control/veterinary
MH  - Female
MH  - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & control
MH  - *Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics
MH  - Swine
MH  - Vaccines, Combined
MH  - *Viral Vaccines
PMC - PMC9045284
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - chimeric vaccine
OT  - neonatal piglet
OT  - porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)
OT  - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
OT  - protective efficacy
OT  - systemic homologous neutralizing antibodies (shnAbs)
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/03/23 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/30 06:00
PMCR- 2022/03/22
CRDT- 2022/03/22 12:10
PHST- 2022/03/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/03/22 12:10 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 02574-21 [pii]
AID - spectrum.02574-21 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/spectrum.02574-21 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Apr 27;10(2):e0257421. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02574-21. 
      Epub 2022 Mar 22.