PMID- 35325660 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220426 LR - 20220606 IS - 1873-5150 (Electronic) IS - 0887-8994 (Linking) VI - 130 DP - 2022 May TI - Clinical Characteristics of Children With Anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis After Japanese Encephalitis. PG - 46-52 LID - S0887-8994(22)00022-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.02.004 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Viral encephalitis is an important trigger for anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of anti-NMDAR encephalitis after Japanese encephalitis (JE) in children. METHODS: Clinical data of 185 children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with a history of viral encephalitis other than JE or who were identified with other autoantibodies were excluded. RESULTS: Twenty children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis after JE were enrolled with a median age of 6 years and 10 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 3 years to 11 years and 5 months). The median time from JE to anti-NMDAR encephalitis was 29 (IQR: 25 to 32) days. At 12 months, most patients (17 of 18) recovered to at least their baseline modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores caused by JE. One hundred forty two children with classical anti-NMDAR encephalitis were enrolled. Compared with classical anti-NMDAR encephalitis, patients after JE had significantly more decreased level of consciousness (50% vs 18.3%, P = 0.003), more autonomic dysfunction (30.0% vs 9.9%, P = 0.021), fewer psychiatric or behavioral symptoms (70.0% vs 90.8%, P = 0.016), fewer seizures (25.0% vs 68.3%, P < 0.001), lesser improvement 4 weeks after immunotherapy (35.0% vs 73.2%, P = 0.001), and worse outcomes at 12 months (median mRS: 1 vs 0, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis after JE in children mainly occurred within two months. Their clinical manifestation may differ from classical anti-NMDAR encephalitis. The prognosis of children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis after JE probably depends on the neurological sequelae after JE. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Luo, Hanyu AU - Luo H AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ding, Xiao AU - Ding X AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Yuhang AU - Li Y AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Ma, Jiannan AU - Ma J AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Liu, Benke AU - Liu B AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zhou, Lvli AU - Zhou L AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Zheng, Yaxin AU - Zheng Y AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Jiang, Yan AU - Jiang Y AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Li, Xiujuan AU - Li X AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. FAU - Jiang, Li AU - Jiang L AD - Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: dr_jiangcqmu@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220311 PL - United States TA - Pediatr Neurol JT - Pediatric neurology JID - 8508183 RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) RN - 0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate) SB - IM MH - *Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/complications MH - Autoantibodies MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - *Encephalitis, Japanese/complications MH - *Encephalitis, Viral/complications MH - Humans MH - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate MH - Retrospective Studies OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis OT - Anti-NMDAR encephalitis OT - Characteristics OT - Children OT - Japanese encephalitis EDAT- 2022/03/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/27 06:00 CRDT- 2022/03/24 20:10 PHST- 2021/11/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/01/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/24 20:10 [entrez] AID - S0887-8994(22)00022-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.02.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pediatr Neurol. 2022 May;130:46-52. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.02.004. Epub 2022 Mar 11.