PMID- 35336874
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220414
LR  - 20220531
IS  - 1999-4915 (Electronic)
IS  - 1999-4915 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 3
DP  - 2022 Feb 24
TI  - DEAD-Box RNA Helicase 21 (DDX21) Positively Regulates the Replication of Porcine 
      Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus via Multiple Mechanisms.
LID - 10.3390/v14030467 [doi]
LID - 467
AB  - The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) remains a 
      persistent hazard in the global pig industry. DEAD (Glu-Asp-Ala-Glu) box helicase 
      21 (DDX21) is a member of the DDX family. In addition to its function of 
      regulating cellular RNA metabolism, DDX21 also regulates innate immunity and is 
      involved in the replication cycle of some viruses. However, the relationship 
      between DDX21 and PRRSV has not yet been explored. Here, we found that a DDX21 
      overexpression promoted PRRSV replication, whereas knockdown of DDX21 reduced 
      PRRSV proliferation. Mechanistically, DDX21 promoted PRRSV replication 
      independently of its ATPase, RNA helicase, and foldase activities. Furthermore, 
      overexpression of DDX21 stabilized the expressions of PRRSV nsp1alpha, nsp1beta, and 
      nucleocapsid proteins, three known antagonists of interferon beta (IFN-beta). Knockdown 
      of DDX21 activated the IFN-beta signaling pathway in PRRSV-infected cells, 
      suggesting that the effect of DDX21 on PRRSV-encoded IFN-beta antagonists may be a 
      driving factor for its contribution to viral proliferation. We also found that 
      PRRSV infection enhanced DDX21 expression and promoted its nucleus-to-cytoplasm 
      translocation. Screening PRRSV-encoded proteins showed that nsp1beta interacted with 
      the C-terminus of DDX21 and enhanced the expression of DDX21. Taken together, 
      these findings reveal that DDX21 plays an important role in regulating PRRSV 
      proliferation through multiple mechanisms.
FAU - Li, Jia
AU  - Li J
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Wang, Dang
AU  - Wang D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3394-3702
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Fang, Puxian
AU  - Fang P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0539-8578
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Pang, Yu
AU  - Pang Y
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Zhou, Yanrong
AU  - Zhou Y
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Fang, Liurong
AU  - Fang L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1406-6409
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Xiao, Shaobo
AU  - Xiao S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0023-9188
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, 
      China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220224
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Viruses
JT  - Viruses
JID - 101509722
RN  - 0 (Viral Nonstructural Proteins)
RN  - 77238-31-4 (Interferon-beta)
RN  - EC 3.6.4.13 (DEAD-box RNA Helicases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Interferon-beta/genetics
MH  - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/genetics
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/metabolism
MH  - Swine
MH  - Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Virus Replication/physiology
PMC - PMC8949431
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - DEAD-box helicases 21 (DDX21)
OT  - interaction
OT  - interferon
OT  - nonstructural protein 1beta (nsp1beta)
OT  - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
OT  - viral replication
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/03/27 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/15 06:00
PMCR- 2022/02/24
CRDT- 2022/03/26 01:07
PHST- 2022/02/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/02/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/02/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/26 01:07 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/03/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/02/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v14030467 [pii]
AID - viruses-14-00467 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/v14030467 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Viruses. 2022 Feb 24;14(3):467. doi: 10.3390/v14030467.