PMID- 35348614 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230303 LR - 20230328 IS - 1460-2156 (Electronic) IS - 0006-8950 (Print) IS - 0006-8950 (Linking) VI - 146 IP - 3 DP - 2023 Mar 1 TI - A genome-wide association study in autoimmune neurological syndromes with anti-GAD65 autoantibodies. PG - 977-990 LID - 10.1093/brain/awac119 [doi] AB - Autoimmune neurological syndromes (AINS) with autoantibodies against the 65 kDa isoform of the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) present with limbic encephalitis, including temporal lobe seizures or epilepsy, cerebellitis with ataxia, and stiff-person-syndrome or overlap forms. Anti-GAD65 autoantibodies are also detected in autoimmune diabetes mellitus, which has a strong genetic susceptibility conferred by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genomic regions. We investigated the genetic predisposition in patients with anti-GAD65 AINS. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and an association analysis of the HLA region in a large German cohort of 1214 individuals. These included 167 patients with anti-GAD65 AINS, recruited by the German Network for Research on Autoimmune Encephalitis (GENERATE), and 1047 individuals without neurological or endocrine disease as population-based controls. Predictions of protein expression changes based on GWAS findings were further explored and validated in the CSF proteome of a virtually independent cohort of 10 patients with GAD65-AINS and 10 controls. Our GWAS identified 16 genome-wide significant (P < 5 x 10-8) loci for the susceptibility to anti-GAD65 AINS. The top variant, rs2535288 [P = 4.42 x 10-16, odds ratio (OR) = 0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.187-0.358], localized to an intergenic segment in the middle of the HLA class I region. The great majority of variants in these loci (>90%) mapped to non-coding regions of the genome. Over 40% of the variants have known regulatory functions on the expression of 48 genes in disease relevant cells and tissues, mainly CD4+ T cells and the cerebral cortex. The annotation of epigenomic marks suggested specificity for neural and immune cells. A network analysis of the implicated protein-coding genes highlighted the role of protein kinase C beta (PRKCB) and identified an enrichment of numerous biological pathways participating in immunity and neural function. Analysis of the classical HLA alleles and haplotypes showed no genome-wide significant associations. The strongest associations were found for the DQA1*03:01-DQB1*03:02-DRB1*04:01HLA haplotype (P = 4.39 x 10-4, OR = 2.5, 95%CI = 1.499-4.157) and DRB1*04:01 allele (P = 8.3 x 10-5, OR = 2.4, 95%CI = 1.548-3.682) identified in our cohort. As predicted, the CSF proteome showed differential levels of five proteins (HLA-A/B, C4A, ATG4D and NEO1) of expression quantitative trait loci genes from our GWAS in the CSF proteome of anti-GAD65 AINS. These findings suggest a strong genetic predisposition with direct functional implications for immunity and neural function in anti-GAD65 AINS, mainly conferred by genomic regions outside the classical HLA alleles. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. FAU - Strippel, Christine AU - Strippel C AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Herrera-Rivero, Marisol AU - Herrera-Rivero M AD - Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Wendorff, Mareike AU - Wendorff M AD - Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Tietz, Anja K AU - Tietz AK AD - Department of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Degenhardt, Frauke AU - Degenhardt F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7516-3179 AD - Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Witten, Anika AU - Witten A AD - Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Schroeter, Christina AU - Schroeter C AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Nelke, Christopher AU - Nelke C AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Golombeck, Kristin S AU - Golombeck KS AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Madlener, Marie AU - Madlener M AD - Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Ruber, Theodor AU - Ruber T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6180-7671 AD - Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. AD - Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, and LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Ernst, Leon AU - Ernst L AD - Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Racz, Attila AU - Racz A AD - Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Baumgartner, Tobias AU - Baumgartner T AD - Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Widman, Guido AU - Widman G AD - Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Doppler, Kathrin AU - Doppler K AD - Department of Neurology, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Thaler, Franziska AU - Thaler F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2138-2293 AD - Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munich, Martinsried, Germany. FAU - Siebenbrodt, Kai AU - Siebenbrodt K AD - Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, and LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Dik, Andre AU - Dik A AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Kerin, Constanze AU - Kerin C AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Rauber, Saskia AU - Rauber S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8901-5572 AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Gallus, Marco AU - Gallus M AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Kovac, Stjepana AU - Kovac S AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Grauer, Oliver M AU - Grauer OM AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Grimm, Alexander AU - Grimm A AD - Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Pruss, Harald AU - Pruss H AD - Department of Neurology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. FAU - Wickel, Jonathan AU - Wickel J AD - Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. FAU - Geis, Christian AU - Geis C AD - Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany. FAU - Lewerenz, Jan AU - Lewerenz J AD - Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. FAU - Goebels, Norbert AU - Goebels N AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Ringelstein, Marius AU - Ringelstein M AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. AD - Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Menge, Til AU - Menge T AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. AD - Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Tackenberg, Bjorn AU - Tackenberg B AD - Department of Neurology, University of Marburg/Giessen, Marburg, Germany. FAU - Kellinghaus, Christoph AU - Kellinghaus C AD - Department of Neurology, Klinikum Osnabruck, Osnabruck, Germany. FAU - Bien, Christian G AU - Bien CG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2225-8654 AD - Department of Epileptology (Krankenhaus Mara), Bielefeld University, Medical School, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany. FAU - Kraft, Andrea AU - Kraft A AD - Martha Maria Hospital Halle, Halle, Germany. FAU - Zettl, Uwe AU - Zettl U AD - Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany. FAU - Ismail, Fatme Seval AU - Ismail FS AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. FAU - Ayzenberg, Ilya AU - Ayzenberg I AD - Department of Neurology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. AD - Department of Neurology, St Josefs Krankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. FAU - Urbanek, Christian AU - Urbanek C AD - Department of Neurology, Ludwigshafen Hospital, Ludwigshafen, Germany. FAU - Suhs, Kurt-Wolfram AU - Suhs KW AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital, MHH, Hannover, Germany. FAU - Tauber, Simone C AU - Tauber SC AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany. FAU - Mues, Sigrid AU - Mues S AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany. FAU - Kortvelyessy, Peter AU - Kortvelyessy P AD - Department of Neurology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Markewitz, Robert AU - Markewitz R AD - Neuroimmunology, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Paliantonis, Asterios AU - Paliantonis A AD - Department of Neurology, Alfred-Krupp Hospital, Essen, Germany. FAU - Elger, Christian E AU - Elger CE AD - Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Surges, Rainer AU - Surges R AD - Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Sommer, Claudia AU - Sommer C AD - Department of Neurology, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany. FAU - Kumpfel, Tania AU - Kumpfel T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7509-5268 AD - Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munich, Munich, Germany. AD - Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munich, Martinsried, Germany. FAU - Gross, Catharina C AU - Gross CC AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Lerche, Holger AU - Lerche H AD - Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. FAU - Wellmer, Jorg AU - Wellmer J AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. FAU - Quesada, Carlos M AU - Quesada CM AD - Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. FAU - Then Bergh, Florian AU - Then Bergh F AD - Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. FAU - Wandinger, Klaus-Peter AU - Wandinger KP AD - Neuroimmunology, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Becker, Albert J AU - Becker AJ AD - Section of Translational Epileptology, Institute of Neuropathology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Kunz, Wolfram S AU - Kunz WS AD - Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. FAU - Meyer Zu Horste, Gerd AU - Meyer Zu Horste G AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Malter, Michael P AU - Malter MP AD - Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. FAU - Rosenow, Felix AU - Rosenow F AD - Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, and LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. FAU - Wiendl, Heinz AU - Wiendl H AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Kuhlenbaumer, Gregor AU - Kuhlenbaumer G AD - Department of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Leypoldt, Frank AU - Leypoldt F AD - Department of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. AD - Neuroimmunology, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lubeck, Germany. FAU - Lieb, Wolfgang AU - Lieb W AD - Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Franke, Andre AU - Franke A AD - Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany. FAU - Meuth, Sven G AU - Meuth SG AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Stoll, Monika AU - Stoll M AD - Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. FAU - Melzer, Nico AU - Melzer N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2420-701X AD - Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Munster, Munster, Germany. AD - Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. CN - German Network for Research on Autoimmune Encephalitis (GENERATE) LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - England TA - Brain JT - Brain : a journal of neurology JID - 0372537 RN - 0 (Proteome) RN - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class II) RN - 0 (HLA Antigens) RN - 0 (Autoantibodies) RN - 0 (HLA-DRB1 Chains) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Genome-Wide Association Study MH - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics MH - Proteome/genetics MH - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II MH - HLA Antigens MH - Haplotypes MH - Alleles MH - Autoantibodies MH - HLA-DRB1 Chains/genetics PMC - PMC9976967 OTO - NOTNLM OT - autoimmune encephalitis OT - genome-wide association study OT - glutamic acid decarboxylase OT - limbic encephalitis OT - stiff-person syndrome FIR - Adelmann, Michael IR - Adelmann M FIR - Appeltshauser, Luise IR - Appeltshauser L FIR - Ayzenberg, Ilya IR - Ayzenberg I FIR - Baade-Buttner, Carolin IR - Baade-Buttner C FIR - van Baalen, Andreas IR - van Baalen A FIR - Baatz, Sebastian IR - Baatz S FIR - Balint, Bettina IR - Balint B FIR - Bauer, Sebastian IR - Bauer S FIR - Baumgartner, Annette IR - Baumgartner A FIR - Benesch, Sonka IR - Benesch S FIR - Berger, Robert IR - Berger R FIR - Berning, Sascha IR - Berning S FIR - Bernsen, Sarah IR - Bernsen S FIR - Bien, Christian IR - Bien C FIR - Bien, Corinna IR - Bien C FIR - Binder, Andreas IR - Binder A FIR - Bittner, Stefan IR - Bittner S FIR - Bittner, Daniel IR - Bittner D FIR - Blaes, Franz IR - Blaes F FIR - Blaschek, Astrid IR - Blaschek A FIR - Dargvainiene, Justina IR - Dargvainiene J FIR - Decker, Julia IR - Decker J FIR - Dik, Andre IR - Dik A FIR - Doppler, Kathrin IR - Doppler K FIR - Dreesmann, Mona IR - Dreesmann M FIR - Ebinger, Friedrich IR - Ebinger F FIR - Edelhoff, Lena IR - Edelhoff L FIR - Ehrlich, Sven IR - Ehrlich S FIR - Eisenhut, Katharina IR - Eisenhut K FIR - Endres, Dominique IR - Endres D FIR - Entscheva, Marina IR - Entscheva M FIR - Hartmut Faiss, Jurgen IR - Hartmut Faiss J FIR - Kristin Falk, Kim IR - Kristin Falk K FIR - Fazeli, Walid IR - Fazeli W FIR - Finke, Alexander IR - Finke A FIR - Finke, Carsten IR - Finke C FIR - Fitzner, Dirk IR - Fitzner D FIR - Flotats-Bastardas, Marina IR - Flotats-Bastardas M FIR - Fousse, Mathias IR - Fousse M FIR - Friedemann, Paul IR - Friedemann P FIR - Friese, Manuel IR - Friese M FIR - Gallus, Marco IR - Gallus M FIR - Gebhard, Marcel IR - Gebhard M FIR - Geis, Christian IR - Geis C FIR - Goedel, Clemens IR - Goedel C FIR - Gorsler, Anna IR - Gorsler A FIR - Grau, Armin IR - Grau A FIR - Grauer, Oliver IR - Grauer O FIR - Gross, Catharina IR - Gross C FIR - Gul, Halime IR - Gul H FIR - Ha-Yeun, Chung IR - Ha-Yeun C FIR - Haghikia, Aiden IR - Haghikia A FIR - Handreka, Robert IR - Handreka R FIR - Hansen, Niels IR - Hansen N FIR - Hausler, Martin IR - Hausler M FIR - Havla, Joachim IR - Havla J FIR - Heide, Wolfgang IR - Heide W FIR - Held, Valentin IR - Held V FIR - Hellwig, Kerstin IR - Hellwig K FIR - Hillebrand, Philip IR - Hillebrand P FIR - Hoffmann, Frank IR - Hoffmann F FIR - Hoffmann, Anna IR - Hoffmann A FIR - Hofstadt-van Oy, Ulrich IR - Hofstadt-van Oy U FIR - Huppke, Peter IR - Huppke P FIR - Seval Ismail, Fatme IR - Seval Ismail F FIR - Jansen, Martina IR - Jansen M FIR - Juranek, Aleksandra IR - Juranek A FIR - Karenfort, Michael IR - Karenfort M FIR - Kaufmann, Max IR - Kaufmann M FIR - Kellinghaus, Christoph IR - Kellinghaus C FIR - Kerin, Constanze IR - Kerin C FIR - Knake, Susanne IR - Knake S FIR - Kortvelyessy, Peter IR - Kortvelyessy P FIR - Kovac, Stjepana IR - Kovac S FIR - Kraft, Andrea IR - Kraft A FIR - Kramer, Markus IR - Kramer M FIR - Krogias, Christos IR - Krogias C FIR - Kumpfel, Tanja IR - Kumpfel T FIR - Lehrich, Christoph IR - Lehrich C FIR - Lewerenz, Jan IR - Lewerenz J FIR - Leypoldt, Frank IR - Leypoldt F FIR - Linsa, Andeas IR - Linsa A FIR - Lunemann, Jan IR - Lunemann J FIR - Malter, Michael IR - Malter M FIR - Meister, Monika IR - Meister M FIR - Melzer, Nico IR - Melzer N FIR - Stefanie Melzer, Kristin IR - Stefanie Melzer K FIR - Menge, Til IR - Menge T FIR - Meuth, Sven IR - Meuth S FIR - Meyer Zu Horste, Gerd IR - Meyer Zu Horste G FIR - Mono, Marie-Luise IR - Mono ML FIR - Mues, Sigrid IR - Mues S FIR - Nagel, Michael IR - Nagel M FIR - Nelke, Christopher IR - Nelke C FIR - Neumann-Haefelin, Tobias IR - Neumann-Haefelin T FIR - Obrocki, Jost IR - Obrocki J FIR - Penner, Loana IR - Penner L FIR - Kristina Pfeffer, Lena IR - Kristina Pfeffer L FIR - Pfefferkorn, Thomas IR - Pfefferkorn T FIR - Philipsen, Alexandra IR - Philipsen A FIR - Piepgras, Johannes IR - Piepgras J FIR - von Poderwils, Felix IR - von Poderwils F FIR - Priller, Josef IR - Priller J FIR - Probstel, Anne-Katrin IR - Probstel AK FIR - Pruss, Harald IR - Pruss H FIR - Maria Helena Rau, Johanna IR - Maria Helena Rau J FIR - Jania Rauber, Saskia IR - Jania Rauber S FIR - Reimann, Gernot IR - Reimann G FIR - Reinecke, Raphael IR - Reinecke R FIR - Ringelstein, Marius IR - Ringelstein M FIR - Rohner, Hendrik IR - Rohner H FIR - Rosenow, Felix IR - Rosenow F FIR - Rostasy, Kevin IR - Rostasy K FIR - Ruber, Theodor IR - Ruber T FIR - Ruegg, Stephan IR - Ruegg S FIR - Schaumberg, Jens IR - Schaumberg J FIR - Schilling, Ruth IR - Schilling R FIR - Schimmel, Mareike IR - Schimmel M FIR - Schmidt, Jens IR - Schmidt J FIR - Schmutz, Ina-Isabelle IR - Schmutz II FIR - Schreiber, Stephan IR - Schreiber S FIR - Schreyer, Gesa IR - Schreyer G FIR - Schroder, Ina IR - Schroder I FIR - Schroter, Christina IR - Schroter C FIR - Schuster, Simon IR - Schuster S FIR - Seidel, Gunter IR - Seidel G FIR - Senel, Makbule IR - Senel M FIR - Siebenbrodt, Kai IR - Siebenbrodt K FIR - Sommer, Claudia IR - Sommer C FIR - Stammel, Oliver IR - Stammel O FIR - Stangel, Martin IR - Stangel M FIR - Stolze, Henning IR - Stolze H FIR - Stoppe, Muriel IR - Stoppe M FIR - Storm van S Gravesande, Karin IR - Storm van S Gravesande K FIR - Strippel, Christine IR - Strippel C FIR - Sturm, Dietrich IR - Sturm D FIR - Suhs, Kurt-Wolfram IR - Suhs KW FIR - Syrbe, Steffen IR - Syrbe S FIR - Tauber, Simone IR - Tauber S FIR - Teusser, Malte IR - Teusser M FIR - Thaler, Franziska IR - Thaler F FIR - Then Bergh, Florian IR - Then Bergh F FIR - Trebst, Corinna IR - Trebst C FIR - Trendelenburg, George IR - Trendelenburg G FIR - Trollmann, Regina IR - Trollmann R FIR - Tumani, Hayrettin IR - Tumani H FIR - Turedi, Methab IR - Turedi M FIR - Urbanek, Christian IR - Urbanek C FIR - Vogel, Niklas IR - Vogel N FIR - von Mering, Matthias IR - von Mering M FIR - Wagner, Judith IR - Wagner J FIR - Wandinger, Klaus-Peter IR - Wandinger KP FIR - Weissert, Robert IR - Weissert R FIR - Wickel, Jonathan IR - Wickel J FIR - Wiendl, Heinz IR - Wiendl H FIR - Wildemann, Brigitte IR - Wildemann B FIR - Witt, Karsten IR - Witt K FIR - Wunderlich, Benjamin IR - Wunderlich B FIR - Zieger, Lara IR - Zieger L EDAT- 2022/03/30 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/04 06:00 PMCR- 2022/03/28 CRDT- 2022/03/29 12:19 PHST- 2021/10/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/03/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/29 12:19 [entrez] PHST- 2022/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6555060 [pii] AID - awac119 [pii] AID - 10.1093/brain/awac119 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brain. 2023 Mar 1;146(3):977-990. doi: 10.1093/brain/awac119.