PMID- 35357290
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220405
LR  - 20220613
IS  - 1462-3994 (Electronic)
IS  - 1462-3994 (Linking)
VI  - 24
DP  - 2022 Mar 31
TI  - Key biological mechanisms involved in high-LET radiation therapies with a focus 
      on DNA damage and repair.
PG  - e15
LID - 10.1017/erm.2022.6 [doi]
AB  - DNA damage and repair studies are at the core of the radiation biology field and 
      represent also the fundamental principles informing radiation therapy (RT). DNA 
      damage levels are a function of radiation dose, whereas the type of damage and 
      biological effects such as DNA damage complexity, depend on radiation quality 
      that is linear energy transfer (LET). Both levels and types of DNA damage 
      determine cell fate, which can include necrosis, apoptosis, senescence or 
      autophagy. Herein, we present an overview of current RT modalities in the light 
      of DNA damage and repair with emphasis on medium to high-LET radiation. Proton 
      radiation is discussed along with its new adaptation of FLASH RT. RT based on 
      alpha-particles includes brachytherapy and nuclear-RT, that is proton-boron capture 
      therapy (PBCT) and boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT). We also discuss carbon 
      ion therapy along with combinatorial immune-based therapies and high-LET RT. For 
      each RT modality, we summarise relevant DNA damage studies. Finally, we provide 
      an update of the role of DNA repair in high-LET RT and we explore the biological 
      responses triggered by differential LET and dose.
FAU - Nikitaki, Zacharenia
AU  - Nikitaki Z
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4168-7737
AD  - Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 
      National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou Campus, 15780Athens, 
      Greece.
FAU - Velalopoulou, Anastasia
AU  - Velalopoulou A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1166-6102
AD  - Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of 
      Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104USA.
FAU - Zanni, Vassiliki
AU  - Zanni V
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6039-6516
AD  - Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 
      National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou Campus, 15780Athens, 
      Greece.
FAU - Tremi, Ioanna
AU  - Tremi I
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4711-8888
AD  - Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 
      National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou Campus, 15780Athens, 
      Greece.
AD  - Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of 
      Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527Athens, Greece.
FAU - Havaki, Sophia
AU  - Havaki S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0660-2179
AD  - Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of 
      Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527Athens, Greece.
FAU - Kokkoris, Michael
AU  - Kokkoris M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3972-5143
AD  - Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 
      National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou Campus, 15780Athens, 
      Greece.
FAU - Gorgoulis, Vassilis G
AU  - Gorgoulis VG
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9001-4112
AD  - Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of 
      Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527Athens, Greece.
AD  - Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
AD  - Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences 
      Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
AD  - Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National 
      and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
AD  - Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK.
FAU - Koumenis, Constantinos
AU  - Koumenis C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5945-4726
AD  - Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of 
      Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104USA.
FAU - Georgakilas, Alexandros G
AU  - Georgakilas AG
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5971-0010
AD  - Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 
      National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou Campus, 15780Athens, 
      Greece.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00672165
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01756677
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220331
PL  - England
TA  - Expert Rev Mol Med
JT  - Expert reviews in molecular medicine
JID - 100939725
SB  - IM
MH  - *Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
MH  - *DNA Damage
MH  - DNA Repair
MH  - Humans
MH  - Linear Energy Transfer
MH  - Radiation, Ionizing
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alpha particles
OT  - BNCT
OT  - DNA repair
OT  - High-LET
OT  - PBCT
OT  - carbon therapy
OT  - complex DNA damage
OT  - proton therapy
OT  - radiation therapy
EDAT- 2022/04/01 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/05 06:00
CRDT- 2022/03/31 12:04
PHST- 2022/03/31 12:04 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1462399422000060 [pii]
AID - 10.1017/erm.2022.6 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Expert Rev Mol Med. 2022 Mar 31;24:e15. doi: 10.1017/erm.2022.6.