PMID- 35360245
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231105
IS  - 1664-042X (Print)
IS  - 1664-042X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-042X (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2022
TI  - Potential Role of Chronic Physical Exercise as a Treatment in the Development of 
      Vitiligo.
PG  - 843784
LID - 10.3389/fphys.2022.843784 [doi]
LID - 843784
AB  - Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive skin 
      depigmentation and the appearance of white patches throughout the body caused by 
      significant apoptosis of epidermal melanocytes. Despite not causing any physical 
      pain, vitiligo can originate several psychosocial disorders, drastically reducing 
      patients' quality of life. Emerging evidence has shown that vitiligo is 
      associated with several genetic polymorphisms related to auto-reactivity from the 
      immune system to melanocytes. Melanocytes from vitiligo patients suffer from 
      excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by defective mitochondria besides a 
      poor endogenous antioxidant system (EAS). This redox imbalance results in 
      dramatic melanocyte oxidative stress (OS), causing significant damage in 
      proteins, lipid membranes, and DNA. The damaged melanocytes secret 
      damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs), inducing and increasing inflammatory 
      gene expression response that ultimately leads to melanocytes apoptosis. Vitiligo 
      severity has been also associated with increasing the prevalence and incidence of 
      metabolic syndrome (MetS) or associated disorders such as insulin resistance and 
      hypercholesterolemia. Thus, suggesting that in genetically predisposed 
      individuals, the environmental context that triggers MetS (i.e., sedentary 
      lifestyle) may also be an important trigger for the development and severity of 
      vitiligo disease. This paper will discuss the relationship between the immune 
      system and epidermal melanocytes and their interplay with the redox system. Based 
      on state-of-the-art evidence from the vitiligo research, physical exercise (PE) 
      immunology, and redox system literature, we will also propose chronic PE as a 
      potential therapeutic strategy to treat and prevent vitiligo disease progression. 
      We will present evidence that chronic PE can change the balance of inflammatory 
      to an anti-inflammatory state, improve both EAS and the mitochondrial structure 
      and function (resulting in the decrease of OS). Finally, we will highlight 
      clinically relevant markers that can be analyzed in a new research avenue to test 
      the potential applicability of chronic PE in vitiligo disease.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 de Franca, dos Santos, Baptista, Da Silva, Fukushima, Hirota, 
      Martins and Caperuto.
FAU - de Franca, Elias
AU  - de Franca E
AD  - Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
AD  - Departamento de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 
      Brazil.
FAU - Dos Santos, Ronaldo V T
AU  - Dos Santos RVT
AD  - Departamento de Biociencias, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 
      Brazil.
FAU - Baptista, Liliana C
AU  - Baptista LC
AD  - Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, 
      University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
AD  - Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 
      United States.
AD  - Targeted Exercise, Microbiome and Aging Laboratory, University of Alabama, 
      Birmingham, AL United States.
FAU - Da Silva, Marco A R
AU  - Da Silva MAR
AD  - Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 
      Portugal.
AD  - Department of Physical Education, Universidade da Amazonia, Belem, Brazil.
FAU - Fukushima, Andre R
AU  - Fukushima AR
AD  - Centro Universitario das Americas - FAM, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
AD  - Faculdade de Ciencias da Saude - IGESP - FASIG, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Hirota, Vinicius B
AU  - Hirota VB
AD  - Centro Universitario das Americas - FAM, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Martins, Raul A
AU  - Martins RA
AD  - Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 
      Portugal.
FAU - Caperuto, Erico C
AU  - Caperuto EC
AD  - Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220310
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Physiol
JT  - Frontiers in physiology
JID - 101549006
PMC - PMC8960951
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - autoimmune disease
OT  - immune system
OT  - metabolic syndrome
OT  - oxidative stress
OT  - physical training
OT  - vitiligo
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/04/02 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/02 06:01
PMCR- 2022/03/10
CRDT- 2022/04/01 05:18
PHST- 2021/12/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/02/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/04/01 05:18 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/02 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/03/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fphys.2022.843784 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Physiol. 2022 Mar 10;13:843784. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.843784. eCollection 
      2022.