PMID- 35406495 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230918 IS - 2072-6694 (Print) IS - 2072-6694 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6694 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Mar 28 TI - Overview on Molecular Biomarkers for Laryngeal Cancer: Looking for New Answers to an Old Problem. LID - 10.3390/cancers14071716 [doi] LID - 1716 AB - Laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) accounts for almost 25-30% of all head and neck squamous cell cancers and is clustered according to the affected districts, as this determines distinct tendency to recur and metastasize. A major role for numerous genetic alterations in driving the onset and progression of this neoplasm is emerging. However, major efforts are still required for the identification of molecular markers useful for both early diagnosis and prognostic definition of LSCC that is still characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Non-coding RNAs appear the most promising as they circulate in all the biological fluids allowing liquid biopsy determination, as well as due to their quick and characteristic modulation useful for non-invasive detection and monitoring of cancer. Other critical aspects are related to recent progress in circulating tumor cells and DNA detection, in metastatic status and chemo-refractoriness prediction, and in the functional interaction of LSCC with chronic inflammation and innate immunity. We review all these aspects taking into account the progress of the technologies in the field of next generation sequencing. FAU - Falco, Michela AU - Falco M AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Tammaro, Chiara AU - Tammaro C AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Takeuchi, Takashi AU - Takeuchi T AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. AD - Molecular Diagnostics Division, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan. FAU - Cossu, Alessia Maria AU - Cossu AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2646-1254 AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy. FAU - Scafuro, Giuseppe AU - Scafuro G AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Zappavigna, Silvia AU - Zappavigna S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4787-3776 AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Itro, Annalisa AU - Itro A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0226-7521 AD - Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Addeo, Raffaele AU - Addeo R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9197-8060 AD - Oncology Operative Unit, Hospital of Frattamaggiore, ASLNA-2NORD, 80020 Naples, Italy. FAU - Scrima, Marianna AU - Scrima M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4636-7695 AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy. FAU - Lombardi, Angela AU - Lombardi A AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. FAU - Ricciardiello, Filippo AU - Ricciardiello F AD - Division of Otorhinolaryngology, "A. Cardarelli" Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy. FAU - Irace, Carlo AU - Irace C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5172-4573 AD - Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy. FAU - Caraglia, Michele AU - Caraglia M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2408-6091 AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy. FAU - Misso, Gabriella AU - Misso G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7787-2531 AD - Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy. LA - eng GR - SENSORMIRCIRCOLAR/POR Campania FESR 2014/2020/ GR - Linea 5/11/FSN 2014-2015-2016/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220328 PL - Switzerland TA - Cancers (Basel) JT - Cancers JID - 101526829 PMC - PMC8997012 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CTC OT - LSCC (laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma) OT - TME (tumor microenvironment) OT - biomarkers OT - ctDNA OT - epigenetic modifications OT - inflammatory markers OT - lncRNA OT - miRNA COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest between the company and the other affiliations. Takeuchi did his Ph.D. in Biochemical and Biotechnological Sciences at the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" in the Department of Precision Medicine, while remaining an employee of Wakunaga Company. EDAT- 2022/04/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/13 06:01 PMCR- 2022/03/28 CRDT- 2022/04/12 01:04 PHST- 2022/01/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/03/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/03/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/12 01:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/13 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/03/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - cancers14071716 [pii] AID - cancers-14-01716 [pii] AID - 10.3390/cancers14071716 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cancers (Basel). 2022 Mar 28;14(7):1716. doi: 10.3390/cancers14071716.