PMID- 35414631
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220414
LR  - 20220526
IS  - 2056-5933 (Electronic)
IS  - 2056-5933 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Apr
TI  - Immunogenicity and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with primary 
      Sjogren's syndrome.
LID - 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002265 [doi]
LID - e002265
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate humoral and cellular immune responses and adverse events 
      (AEs) after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome 
      (pSS) compared to healthy controls (HC), and disease activity following 
      vaccination in patients with pSS. METHODS: 67 patients with pSS and 33 HC (ratio 
      2:1) received COVID-19 vaccinations following the Dutch vaccination programme. 
      Patients with pSS did not use immunomodulatory drugs, except hydroxychloroquine. 
      Anti-spike 1 receptor binding domain IgG serum antibody levels were measured 28 
      days after complete vaccination. AEs were collected 7 days after vaccination. In 
      a subgroup, salivary anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and T-cell response by 
      interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immune absorbent spot was measured. RESULTS: 47 
      patients with pSS (70%) and 14 HC (42%) received BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNtech), 13 
      (19%) and 5 (15%) received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca), 6 (9%) and 8 (24%) 
      received mRNA-1273 (Moderna), and 1 (1%) and 6 (18%) received Ad.26.COV2.S 
      (Janssen). All participants had positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels (>2500 
      AU/mL) postvaccination. No differences in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were 
      observed between patients with pSS and HC, for each vaccine type. Salivary 
      anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies also increased, and a T-cell response was observed 
      in patients with pSS and HC. Frequencies of systemic AEs were comparable between 
      patients with pSS and HC (first vaccination: 34/67 (51%) vs 16/33 (48%), p=0.83; 
      second: 41/66 (62%) vs 14/25 (56%), p=0.59). No significant worsening was 
      observed in patient-reported and systemic disease activity, including 
      auto-antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with pSS had similar humoral and cellular 
      immune responses as HC, suggesting COVID-19 vaccination is effective in patients 
      with pSS. AEs were also comparable, and no increase in disease activity was seen 
      in patients with pSS.
CI  - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No 
      commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
FAU - Verstappen, Gwenny M
AU  - Verstappen GM
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - de Wolff, Liseth
AU  - de Wolff L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7917-5449
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Arends, Suzanne
AU  - Arends S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4422-7640
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Heiermann, Hella-Marie
AU  - Heiermann HM
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - van Sleen, Yannick
AU  - van Sleen Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7382-8322
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Visser, Annie
AU  - Visser A
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Terpstra, Janneke H
AU  - Terpstra JH
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Diavatopoulos, Dimitri A
AU  - Diavatopoulos DA
AD  - Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre 
      Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
AD  - Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 
      Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
FAU - van der Heiden, Marieke
AU  - van der Heiden M
AD  - Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, 
      University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Vissink, Arjan
AU  - Vissink A
AD  - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - van Baarle, Debbie
AU  - van Baarle D
AD  - Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, 
      University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
AD  - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and 
      the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
FAU - Kroese, Frans G M
AU  - Kroese FGM
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Bootsma, Hendrika
AU  - Bootsma H
AD  - Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical 
      Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands h.bootsma@umcg.nl.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - RMD Open
JT  - RMD open
JID - 101662038
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
RN  - 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin G)
RN  - B5S3K2V0G8 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19)
RN  - N38TVC63NU (BNT162 Vaccine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antibodies, Viral
MH  - BNT162 Vaccine
MH  - *COVID-19/prevention & control
MH  - COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects
MH  - ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunoglobulin G
MH  - SARS-CoV-2
MH  - *Sjogren's Syndrome/complications
MH  - Vaccination/adverse effects
PMC - PMC9006196
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - Sjogren's Syndrome
OT  - Vaccination
COIS- Competing interests: HB: reports grants and personal fees from Bristol Myers 
      Squibb and Roche, and personal fees from Novartis, Medimmune, personal fees and 
      Union Chimique Belge, outside the submitted work.
EDAT- 2022/04/14 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/15 06:00
PMCR- 2022/04/11
CRDT- 2022/04/13 05:34
PHST- 2022/02/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/03/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/04/13 05:34 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - rmdopen-2022-002265 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002265 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - RMD Open. 2022 Apr;8(1):e002265. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002265.