PMID- 35417475 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220415 LR - 20231115 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 4 DP - 2022 TI - Parallel operated hybrid Arithmetic-Salp swarm optimizer for optimal allocation of multiple distributed generation units in distribution networks. PG - e0264958 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0264958 [doi] LID - e0264958 AB - The installation of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the Radial Distribution Networks (RDNs) has significant potential to minimize active power losses in distribution networks. However, inaccurate size(s) and location(s) of DG units increase power losses and associated Annual Financial Losses (AFL). A comprehensive review of the literature reveals that existing analytical, metaheuristic and hybrid algorithms employed on DG allocation problems trap in local or global optima resulting in higher power losses. To address these limitations, this article develops a parallel hybrid Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm and Salp Swarm Algorithm (AOASSA) for the optimal sizing and placement of DGs in the RDNs. The proposed parallel hybrid AOASSA enables the mutual benefit of both algorithms, i.e., the exploration capability of the SSA and the exploitation capability of the AOA. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been analyzed against the hybrid Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm Particle Swarm Optimization (AOAPSO), Salp Swarm Algorithm Particle Swarm Optimization (SSAPSO), standard AOA, SSA, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms. The results obtained reveals that the proposed algorithm produces quality solutions and minimum power losses in RDNs. The Power Loss Reduction (PLR) obtained with the proposed algorithm has also been validated against recent analytical, metaheuristic and hybrid optimization algorithms with the help of three cases based on the number of DG units allocated. Using the proposed algorithm, the PLR and associated AFL reduction of the 33-bus and 69-bus RDNs improved to 65.51% and 69.14%, respectively. This study will help the local distribution companies to minimize power losses and associated AFL in the long-term planning paradigm. FAU - Anjum, Zeeshan Memon AU - Anjum ZM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8827-4070 AD - Centre of Electrical Energy Systems (CEES), Institute of Future Energy (IFE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. AD - School of Electrical Engineering (SKE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET), SZAB Campus, Khairpur Mirs, Sindh, Pakistan. FAU - Said, Dalila Mat AU - Said DM AD - Centre of Electrical Energy Systems (CEES), Institute of Future Energy (IFE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. AD - School of Electrical Engineering (SKE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. FAU - Hassan, Mohammad Yusri AU - Hassan MY AD - Centre of Electrical Energy Systems (CEES), Institute of Future Energy (IFE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. AD - School of Electrical Engineering (SKE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. FAU - Leghari, Zohaib Hussain AU - Leghari ZH AD - Centre of Electrical Energy Systems (CEES), Institute of Future Energy (IFE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. AD - School of Electrical Engineering (SKE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. AD - Department of Electrical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET), Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. FAU - Sahar, Gul AU - Sahar G AD - School of Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. AD - Department of Computer Sciences, Karakoram International University, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220413 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM EIN - PLoS One. 2023 Nov 15;18(11):e0294704. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294704. PMID: 37967110 MH - *Algorithms PMC - PMC9007391 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2022/04/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/04/16 06:00 PMCR- 2022/04/13 CRDT- 2022/04/13 17:12 PHST- 2021/08/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/02/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/04/13 17:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/04/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/04/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-21-26800 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0264958 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2022 Apr 13;17(4):e0264958. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264958. eCollection 2022.