PMID- 35446596
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220608
LR  - 20220610
IS  - 1522-1601 (Electronic)
IS  - 0161-7567 (Linking)
VI  - 132
IP  - 6
DP  - 2022 Jun 1
TI  - (13)C-glucose-fructose labeling reveals comparable exogenous CHO oxidation during 
      exercise when consuming 120 g/h in fluid, gel, jelly chew, or coingestion.
PG  - 1394-1406
LID - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00091.2022 [doi]
AB  - We examined the effects of carbohydrate (CHO) delivery form on exogenous CHO 
      oxidation, gastrointestinal discomfort, and exercise capacity. In a randomized 
      repeated-measures design [after 24 h of high CHO intake (8 g.kg(-1)) and 
      preexercise meal (2 g.kg(-1))], nine trained males ingested 120 g CHO.h(-1) from 
      fluid (DRINK), semisolid gel (GEL), solid jelly chew (CHEW), or a coingestion 
      approach (MIX). Participants cycled for 180 min at 95% lactate threshold, 
      followed by an exercise capacity test (150% lactate threshold). Peak rates of 
      exogenous CHO oxidation (DRINK 1.56 +/- 0.16, GEL 1.58 +/- 0.13, CHEW 1.59 +/- 0.08, 
      MIX 1.66 +/- 0.02 g.min(-1)) and oxidation efficiency (DRINK 72 +/- 8%, GEL 72 +/- 5%, 
      CHEW 75 +/- 5%, MIX, 75 +/- 6%) were not different between trials (all P > 0.05). 
      Despite ingesting 120 g.h(-1), participants reported minimal symptoms of 
      gastrointestinal distress across all trials. Exercise capacity was also not 
      significantly different (all P > 0.05) between conditions (DRINK 446 +/- 350, GEL 
      529 +/- 396, CHEW 596 +/- 416, MIX 469 +/- 395 s). Data represent the first time that 
      rates of exogenous CHO oxidation (via stable isotope methodology) have been 
      simultaneously assessed with feeding strategies (i.e., preexercise CHO feeding 
      and the different forms and combinations of CHO during exercise) commonly adopted 
      by elite endurance athletes. We conclude that 120 g.h(-1) CHO (in a 1:0.8 ratio 
      of maltodextrin or glucose to fructose) is a practically tolerable strategy to 
      promote high CHO availability and oxidation during exercise.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We 
      demonstrate comparable rates of exogenous CHO oxidation from fluid, semisolid, 
      solid, or a combination of sources. Considering the sustained high rates of total 
      and exogenous CHO oxidation and relative lack of gastrointestinal symptoms, 
      consuming 120 g CHO.h(-1) appears to be a well-tolerated strategy to promote high 
      CHO availability during exercise. Additionally, this is the first time that rates 
      of exogenous CHO oxidation have been assessed with feeding strategies (e.g., 
      coingestion of multiple CHO forms) typically reported by endurance athletes.
FAU - Hearris, Mark A
AU  - Hearris MA
AD  - Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores 
      University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
FAU - Pugh, Jamie N
AU  - Pugh JN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5930-4709
AD  - Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores 
      University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
FAU - Langan-Evans, Carl
AU  - Langan-Evans C
AD  - Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores 
      University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
FAU - Mann, Stephen J
AU  - Mann SJ
AD  - Science in Sport PLC, London, United Kingdom.
FAU - Burke, Louise
AU  - Burke L
AD  - Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health 
      Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
FAU - Stellingwerff, Trent
AU  - Stellingwerff T
AD  - Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, 
      Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
AD  - Pacific Institute for Sport Excellence, Canadian Sport Institute-Pacific, 
      Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
FAU - Gonzalez, Javier T
AU  - Gonzalez JT
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9939-0074
AD  - Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United 
      Kingdom.
AD  - Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
FAU - Morton, James P
AU  - Morton JP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2776-2542
AD  - Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores 
      University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20220421
PL  - United States
TA  - J Appl Physiol (1985)
JT  - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
JID - 8502536
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 30237-26-4 (Fructose)
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Glucose
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates
MH  - Exercise
MH  - *Fructose
MH  - *Glucose
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lactic Acid
MH  - Male
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Physical Endurance
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - fructose
OT  - maltodextrin
OT  - metabolism
OT  - stable isotopes
EDAT- 2022/04/22 06:00
MHDA- 2022/06/09 06:00
CRDT- 2022/04/21 17:10
PHST- 2022/04/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/21 17:10 [entrez]
AID - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00091.2022 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Appl Physiol (1985). 2022 Jun 1;132(6):1394-1406. doi: 
      10.1152/japplphysiol.00091.2022. Epub 2022 Apr 21.