PMID- 35450010
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220423
IS  - 2306-9759 (Print)
IS  - 2313-0792 (Electronic)
IS  - 2306-9759 (Linking)
VI  - 9
DP  - 2022
TI  - Expression of inflammatory cytokines in mesenchymal stem cells derived from 
      proximal humerus fractures.
PG  - 3
LID - 10.21037/sci-2021-031 [doi]
LID - 3
AB  - BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an excellent treatment option for a 
      wide variety of orthopaedic conditions. This study aimed to establish if bone 
      marrow MSCs obtained from proximal humerus fractures can be an alternative source 
      for obtaining primary cultures of human MSCs. METHODS: Human bone marrow was 
      obtained during osteosynthesis surgeries on closed proximal humerus fractures 
      within 48 hours of injury. MSCs were harvested using the Ficoll gradient 
      separation protocol and in vitro cultured until the third passage. Then, the 
      cells were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry using stem cell specific surface 
      markers. The cells were also induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and 
      adipocytes for the characterization and confirmation of MSCs. The production of 
      cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha 
      (TNF-alpha), and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent 
      assay (ELISA) in the supernatant of the cultures after 3, 5 or 7 days. RESULTS: 
      Immunophenotyping showed high expression of the stem cell surface markers CD73, 
      CD90, and CD105 and negative or very low expression of CD34, CD45, CD11b, CD19, 
      and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR. The bone marrow derived MSCs were able to 
      differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. The quantification of secreted 
      cytokines revealed that IL-8 was the most produced cytokine, followed by IL-6 and 
      IL-10 at similar quantities and lower levels of IL-1beta. TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma were not 
      detected. CONCLUSIONS: Proximal humerus fractures can be an alternative source 
      for the collection of bone marrow MSCs. The cytokine production of these cells is 
      very similar to the production profile of fracture haematomas previously reported 
      and may be used for improving bone repair.
CI  - 2022 Stem Cell Investigation. All rights reserved.
FAU - Viveiros, Magda Massae Hata
AU  - Viveiros MMH
AD  - Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Viveiros, Marcio Eduardo de Melo
AU  - Viveiros MEM
AD  - Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Silva, Marcia Guimaraes
AU  - Silva MG
AD  - Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Kaneno, Ramon
AU  - Kaneno R
AD  - Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao 
      Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Avelino, Natalia Porfirio
AU  - Avelino NP
AD  - Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao 
      Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Rainho, Claudia Aparecida
AU  - Rainho CA
AD  - Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao 
      Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Schellini, Silvana Artioli
AU  - Schellini SA
AD  - Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220412
PL  - China
TA  - Stem Cell Investig
JT  - Stem cell investigation
JID - 101672113
PMC - PMC9016364
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
OT  - bone repair
OT  - cytokines
OT  - fracture situs
OT  - in vitro culture
COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure 
      form (available at 
      https://sci.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/sci-2021-031/coif). The authors 
      have no conflicts of interest to declare.
EDAT- 2022/04/23 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/23 06:01
PMCR- 2022/04/12
CRDT- 2022/04/22 06:34
PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/03/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/04/22 06:34 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/23 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - sci-09-2021-031 [pii]
AID - 10.21037/sci-2021-031 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Stem Cell Investig. 2022 Apr 12;9:3. doi: 10.21037/sci-2021-031. eCollection 
      2022.