PMID- 35457239
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220426
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 8
DP  - 2022 Apr 16
TI  - Enzyme-Responsive Hydrogels as Potential Drug Delivery Systems-State of Knowledge 
      and Future Prospects.
LID - 10.3390/ijms23084421 [doi]
LID - 4421
AB  - Fast advances in polymer science have provided new hydrogels for applications in 
      drug delivery. Among modern drug formulations, polymeric type stimuli-responsive 
      hydrogels (SRHs), also called smart hydrogels, deserve special attention as they 
      revealed to be a promising tool useful for a variety of pharmaceutical and 
      biomedical applications. In fact, the basic feature of these systems is the 
      ability to change their mechanical properties, swelling ability, hydrophilicity, 
      or bioactive molecules permeability, which are influenced by various stimuli, 
      particularly enzymes. Indeed, among a great number of SHRs, enzyme-responsive 
      hydrogels (ERHs) gain much interest as they possess several potential biomedical 
      applications (e.g., in controlled release, drug delivery, etc.). Such a new type 
      of SHRs directly respond to many different enzymes even under mild conditions. 
      Therefore, they show either reversible or irreversible enzyme-induced changes 
      both in chemical and physical properties. This article reviews the state-of-the 
      art in ERHs designed for controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs). Principal 
      enzymes used for biomedical hydrogel preparation were presented and different 
      ERHs were further characterized focusing mainly on glucose oxidase-, 
      beta-galactosidase- and metalloproteinases-based catalyzed reactions. Additionally, 
      strategies employed to produce ERHs were described. The current state of 
      knowledge and the discussion were made on successful applications and prospects 
      for further development of effective methods used to obtain ERH as DDSs.
FAU - Sobczak, Marcin
AU  - Sobczak M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7362-8881
AD  - Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and 
      Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 
      02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
AD  - Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 4 Kozielska St., 01-163 Warsaw, 
      Poland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220416
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 0 (Delayed-Action Preparations)
RN  - 0 (Hydrogels)
RN  - 0 (Polymers)
SB  - IM
MH  - Delayed-Action Preparations
MH  - Drug Compounding
MH  - *Drug Delivery Systems/methods
MH  - *Hydrogels/chemistry
MH  - Polymers/chemistry
PMC - PMC9031066
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - biomedical hydrogels
OT  - controlled release
OT  - drug delivery systems
OT  - enzyme-responsive hydrogels
OT  - stimuli-responsive hydrogels
COIS- The author declares no conflict of interest. The author declares no competing 
      financial interest or personal relationships that could have appeared to 
      influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2022/04/24 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/27 06:00
PMCR- 2022/04/16
CRDT- 2022/04/23 01:11
PHST- 2022/03/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/04/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/04/23 01:11 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms23084421 [pii]
AID - ijms-23-04421 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms23084421 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 16;23(8):4421. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084421.