PMID- 35475789
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1929-0748 (Print)
IS  - 1929-0748 (Electronic)
IS  - 1929-0748 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 4
DP  - 2022 Apr 27
TI  - The Effect of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation With Cognitive 
      Training on Executive Brain Function in Individuals With Dementia: Protocol for a 
      Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial.
PG  - e37282
LID - 10.2196/37282 [doi]
LID - e37282
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although memory and cognitive declines are associated with normal 
      brain aging, they may also be precursors to dementia. OBJECTIVE: We aim to offer 
      a novel approach to prevent or slow the progress of neurodegenerative dementia, 
      or plausibly, improve the cognitive functions of individuals with dementia. 
      METHODS: We will recruit and enroll 75 participants (older than 50 years old with 
      either mild cognitive impairment or probable early or moderate dementia) for this 
      double-blind randomized controlled study to estimate the efficacy of active 
      transcranial alternating current stimulation with cognitive treatment (in 
      comparison with sham transcranial alternating current stimulation). This will be 
      a crossover study; a cycle consists of sham or active treatment for a period of 4 
      weeks (5 days per week, in two 30-minute sessions with a half-hour break in 
      between), and participants are randomized into 2 groups, with stratification by 
      age, sex, and cognitive level (measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment). 
      Outcomes will be assessed before and after each treatment cycle. The primary 
      outcomes are changes in Wechsler Memory Scale Older Adult Battery and Alzheimer 
      Disease Assessment Scale scores. Secondary outcomes are changes in performance on 
      tests of frontal lobe functioning (verbal fluency), neuropsychiatric symptoms 
      (Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire), mood changes (Montgomery-Asberg 
      Depression Rating Scale), and short-term recall (visual 1-back task). Exploratory 
      outcome measures will also be assessed: static and dynamic vestibular response 
      using electrovestibulography, neuronal changes using functional near-infrared 
      spectroscopy, and change in spatial orientation using virtual reality navigation. 
      RESULTS: As of February 10, 2022, the study is ongoing: 7 patients have been 
      screened, and all were deemed eligible for and enrolled in the study; 4 
      participants have completed baseline assessments. CONCLUSIONS: We anticipate that 
      transcranial alternating current stimulation will be a well-tolerated treatment, 
      with no serious side effects and with considerable short- and long-term cognitive 
      improvements. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05203523; 
      https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT05203523. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT 
      IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/37282.
CI  - (c)Natasha Jacobson, Brian Lithgow, Mohammad Jafari Jozani, Zahra Moussavi. 
      Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols 
      (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 27.04.2022.
FAU - Jacobson, Natasha
AU  - Jacobson N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7282-7846
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, 
      Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
FAU - Lithgow, Brian
AU  - Lithgow B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4608-7944
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, 
      Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
AD  - Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University Central Clinical 
      School, Melbourne, Australia.
FAU - Jafari Jozani, Mohammad
AU  - Jafari Jozani M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2147-6337
AD  - Department of Statistics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
FAU - Moussavi, Zahra
AU  - Moussavi Z
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9202-949X
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, 
      Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05203523
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220427
PL  - Canada
TA  - JMIR Res Protoc
JT  - JMIR research protocols
JID - 101599504
PMC - PMC9096654
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alzheimer disease
OT  - cognitive
OT  - cognitive impairment
OT  - crossover
OT  - dementia
OT  - double blind
OT  - placebo-controlled
OT  - randomized
OT  - transcranial alternating current stimulation
OT  - treatment
COIS- Conflicts of Interest: ZM holds the copyright of the MindTriggers app, which is 
      one of the tools used in this study; however, none of the participants are 
      required to purchase the app because practice is conducted onsite where the app 
      is provided for them.
EDAT- 2022/04/28 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/28 06:01
PMCR- 2022/04/27
CRDT- 2022/04/27 12:08
PHST- 2022/02/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/03/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/03/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/04/27 12:08 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/28 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v11i4e37282 [pii]
AID - 10.2196/37282 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - JMIR Res Protoc. 2022 Apr 27;11(4):e37282. doi: 10.2196/37282.