PMID- 35478005
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220429
LR  - 20220915
IS  - 1872-2059 (Electronic)
IS  - 1000-8713 (Print)
IS  - 1000-8713 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 5
DP  - 2022 May 8
TI  - [Simultaneous determination of 35 organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated 
      biphenyls in the serum of the general population in Wuhan by solid phase 
      extraction-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].
PG  - 461-468
LID - 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.12013 [doi]
AB  - Owing to their persistence, ease of accumulation in organisms, and high toxicity, 
      the use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been limited ever since the 
      Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants was signed in 2001 by the 
      United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). As typical POPs, organochlorine 
      pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can persist in the 
      environment for long periods. They can enter human bodies through many pathways 
      and pose a high exposure risk to humans. OCPs and PCBs can lead to endocrine 
      disruption, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and cancer in 
      human beings. Accurate quantification of pollutant load levels in vivo is crucial 
      for the evaluation of health effects. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method 
      based on solid phase extraction-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 
      (SPE-GC-MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of 35 OCPs and 
      PCBs in serum. Accordingly, 100 muL of the serum sample was gently mixed with the 
      isotope-labeled internal standard solution (10 muL) to obtain a final mass 
      concentration of 10 ng/mL for each internal standard. After incubation overnight, 
      the samples were mixed with 100 muL purified water for dilution. After protein 
      precipitation with 100 mg urea, the serum samples were passed through 
      preconditioned Oasis((R)) HLB cartridges, washed with 6 mL purified water, and 
      eluted with 5 mL hexane-dichloromethane (1ratio1, v/v). The SPE eluant was collected, 
      evaporated to near dryness under a gentle nitrogen stream, and dissolved in 100 
      muL n-hexane. The reconstitution in the vial insert was injected into the GC-MS/MS 
      instrument for analysis. The analytes were separated on an Agilent J&W DB-5MS 
      capillary column (30 mx0.25 mmx0.25 mum) with temperature programming. The mass 
      spectrometer was operated in the electron ionization (EI) mode. The optimal mass 
      spectrometry conditions were realized by optimizing the instrument parameters 
      such as ion pairs and collision energies. The analytes were detected in the 
      multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, and the internal standard method was 
      used for quantitative analysis. The OCPs and PCBs had good linearities in the 
      range of 0.05-50.0 ng/mL. The limits of detection (LODs, S/N=3) ranged from 1.2 
      to 71.4 ng/L. The recoveries of the 35 compounds were 72.6%-142% with relative 
      standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 25% at the three spiked levels. The 
      developed SPE-GC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to the simultaneous 
      analysis of OCPs and PCBs in serum samples obtained from the general population 
      in Wuhan. The results showed that the general population in Wuhan was widely 
      exposed to OCPs and PCBs, especially the former. The detection frequencies of 
      eight OCPs and seven PCBs were greater than 50%, and p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, and 
      methoxychlor were detected in all serum sample pools. Non-dioxin-like PCBs 
      (NDL-PCBs) were the dominant PCB congeners, while PCB-28, PCB-153, and PCB-52 
      were the dominant PCBs in the general population of Wuhan. The concentration of 
      OCPs increased with age. Moreover, the concentration of OCPs in individuals who 
      were more than 66 years old was significantly higher as compared to that in 
      younger individuals. The positive association differing by gender was significant 
      in individuals over 60 years of age. There were no significant differences in PCB 
      concentrations according to gender or age. There were no seasonal differences in 
      the residue levels of OCPs and PCBs in the general population of Wuhan. The 
      developed method is rapid and sensitive; it has the advantages of low limits of 
      detection, satisfactory recoveries, accurate precision, and microsample volume, 
      thus allowing for the simultaneous analysis of trace OCPs and PCBs in microserum 
      samples in epidemiological studies. This robust analytical method also provides a 
      powerful tool for the health risk assessment of OCP and PCB exposure.
FAU - Li, Xiang
AU  - Li X
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environment & Health of Ministry of Education, Institute of 
      Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science 
      and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
FAU - Wang, Limei
AU  - Wang L
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environment & Health of Ministry of Education, Institute of 
      Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science 
      and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
FAU - Song, Lulu
AU  - Song L
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong 
      University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
FAU - Wan, Zhengce
AU  - Wan Z
AD  - Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong 
      University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
FAU - Kou, Jing
AU  - Kou J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environment & Health of Ministry of Education, Institute of 
      Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science 
      and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
FAU - Zhang, Mingye
AU  - Zhang M
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environment & Health of Ministry of Education, Institute of 
      Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science 
      and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
FAU - Lu, Yongman
AU  - Lu Y
AD  - Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong 
      University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
FAU - Wang, Youjie
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong 
      University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
FAU - Mei, Surong
AU  - Mei S
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environment & Health of Ministry of Education, Institute of 
      Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science 
      and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
LA  - chi
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - China
TA  - Se Pu
JT  - Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography
JID - 9424804
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Persistent Organic Pollutants
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
MH  - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction/methods
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Water
PMC - PMC9404153
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - concentration distribution
OT  - gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)
OT  - organochlorine pesticides (OCPs)
OT  - polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
OT  - serum samples
EDAT- 2022/04/29 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/30 06:00
PMCR- 2022/05/08
CRDT- 2022/04/28 05:39
PHST- 2022/04/28 05:39 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.12013 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Se Pu. 2022 May 8;40(5):461-468. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2021.12013.