PMID- 35479870
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 2046-2069 (Electronic)
IS  - 2046-2069 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 49
DP  - 2021 Sep 14
TI  - PEGylated ethyl cellulose micelles as a nanocarrier for drug delivery.
PG  - 30532-30543
LID - 10.1039/d1ra04242d [doi]
AB  - Natural polymers provide a better alternative to synthetic polymers in the domain 
      of drug delivery systems (DDSs) because of their renewability, biocompatibility, 
      and low immunogenicity; therefore, they are being studied for the development of 
      bulk/nanoformulations. Likewise, current methods for engineering natural polymers 
      into micelles are in their infancy, and in-depth studies are required using 
      natural polymers as controlled DDSs. Accordingly, in our present study, a new 
      micellar DDS was synthesized using ethyl cellulose (EC) grafted with polyethylene 
      glycol (PEG); it was characterized, its properties, cell toxicity, and 
      hemocompatibility were evaluated, and its drug release kinetics were demonstrated 
      using doxorubicin (DOX) as a model drug. Briefly, EC was grafted with PEG to form 
      the amphiphilic copolymers EC-PEG1 and EC-PEG2 with varying PEG concentrations, 
      and nano-micelles were prepared with and without the drug (DOX) via a dialysis 
      method; the critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) were recorded to be 0.03 mg 
      mL(-1) and 0.00193 mg mL(-1) for EC-PEG1 and EC-PEG2, respectively. The 
      physicochemical properties of the respective nano-micelles were evaluated via 
      various characterization techniques. The morphologies of the nano-micelles were 
      analyzed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the average size of the 
      nano-micelles was recorded to be  approximately 80 nm. In vitro, drug release studies were done 
      for 48 h, where 100% DOX release was recorded at pH 5.5 and 52% DOX release was 
      recorded at pH 7.4 from the micelles. In addition, cytotoxicity studies suggested 
      that DOX-loaded micelles were potent in killing MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer 
      cells, and the blank micelles were non-toxic toward cancerous and normal cells. A 
      cellular uptake study via fluorescence microscopy indicated the internalization 
      of DOX-loaded micelles by cancer cells, delivering the DOX into the cellular 
      compartments. Based on these studies, we concluded that the developed material 
      should be studied further via in vivo studies to understand its potential as a 
      controlled DDS to treat cancer.
CI  - This journal is (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry.
FAU - Singam, Amarnath
AU  - Singam A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3185-0521
AD  - Polymer Science and Engineering, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Homi Bhabha 
      Road Pune-411008 Maharashtra India rv.gundloori@ncl.res.in.
AD  - Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 Uttar 
      Pradesh India.
FAU - Killi, Naresh
AU  - Killi N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8772-6848
AD  - Polymer Science and Engineering, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Homi Bhabha 
      Road Pune-411008 Maharashtra India rv.gundloori@ncl.res.in.
AD  - Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 Uttar 
      Pradesh India.
FAU - Patel, Pratikshkumar R
AU  - Patel PR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2893-3721
AD  - Polymer Science and Engineering, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Homi Bhabha 
      Road Pune-411008 Maharashtra India rv.gundloori@ncl.res.in.
AD  - Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 Uttar 
      Pradesh India.
FAU - Gundloori, Rathna V N
AU  - Gundloori RVN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8084-2296
AD  - Polymer Science and Engineering, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Homi Bhabha 
      Road Pune-411008 Maharashtra India rv.gundloori@ncl.res.in.
AD  - Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 Uttar 
      Pradesh India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20211108
PL  - England
TA  - RSC Adv
JT  - RSC advances
JID - 101581657
PMC - PMC9041117
COIS- There are no conflicts to declare.
EDAT- 2022/04/29 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/29 06:01
PMCR- 2021/11/08
CRDT- 2022/04/28 06:23
PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/07/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/04/28 06:23 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - d1ra04242d [pii]
AID - 10.1039/d1ra04242d [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - RSC Adv. 2021 Nov 8;11(49):30532-30543. doi: 10.1039/d1ra04242d. eCollection 2021 
      Sep 14.