PMID- 35486615
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220503
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 4
DP  - 2022
TI  - Metagenomic analysis for taxonomic and functional potential of Polyaromatic 
      hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degrading bacterial 
      communities in steel industrial soil.
PG  - e0266808
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0266808 [doi]
LID - e0266808
AB  - Iron and steel industries are the major contributors to persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs). The microbial community present at such sites has the 
      potential to remediate these contaminants. The present study highlights the 
      metabolic potential of the resident bacterial community of PAHs and PCB 
      contaminated soil nearby Bhilai steel plant, Chhattisgarh (India). The GC-MS/MS 
      analysis of soil samples MGB-2 (sludge) and MGB-3 (dry soil) resulted in 
      identification of different classes of POPs including PAHs benzo[a]anthracene 
      (nd; 17.69%), fluorene (15.89%, nd), pyrene (nd; 18.7%), benzo(b)fluoranthene 
      (3.03%, nd), benzo(k)fluoranthene (11.29%; nd), perylene (5.23%; nd) and PCBs 
      (PCB-15, PCB-95, and PCB-136). Whole-genome metagenomic analysis by Oxford 
      Nanopore GridION Technology revealed predominance of domain bacteria (97.4%; 
      97.5%) followed by eukaryote (1.4%; 1.5%), archaea (1.2%; 0.9%) and virus (0.02%; 
      0.04%) in MGB-2 and MGB-3 respectively. Proteobacteria (44.3%; 50.0%) to be the 
      prominent phylum followed by Actinobacteria (22.1%; 19.5%) in MBG-2 and MBG-3, 
      respectively. However, Eukaryota microbial communities showed a predominance of 
      phylum Ascomycota (20.5%; 23.6%), Streptophyta (18.5%, 17.0%) and unclassified 
      (derived from Eukaryota) (12.1%; 12.2%) in MGB-2 and MGB-3. The sample MGB-3 was 
      richer in macronutrients (C, N, P), supporting high microbial diversity than 
      MGB-2. The presence of reads for biphenyl degradation, dioxin degradation, PAH 
      degradation pathways can be further correlated with the presence of PCB and PAH 
      as detected in the MGB-2 and MGB-3 samples. Further, taxonomic vis-a-vis 
      functional analysis identified Burkholderia, Bradyrhizobium, Mycobacterium, and 
      Rhodopseudomonas as the keystone degrader of PAH and PCB. Overall, our results 
      revealed the importance of metagenomic and physicochemical analysis of the 
      contaminated site, which improves the understanding of metabolic potential and 
      adaptation of bacteria growing under POP contaminated environments.
FAU - Sandhu, Monika
AU  - Sandhu M
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science 
      Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India.
FAU - Paul, Atish T
AU  - Paul AT
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, 
      Rajasthan, India.
FAU - Jha, Prabhat N
AU  - Jha PN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8486-0969
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science 
      Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220429
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
RN  - 12597-69-2 (Steel)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bacteria/genetics/metabolism
MH  - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
MH  - Soil
MH  - *Soil Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Steel/analysis
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PMC - PMC9053811
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2022/04/30 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/04 06:00
PMCR- 2022/04/29
CRDT- 2022/04/29 13:43
PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/03/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/04/29 13:43 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/04/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-21-32138 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0266808 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2022 Apr 29;17(4):e0266808. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266808. 
      eCollection 2022.