PMID- 35502509 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230321 LR - 20230321 IS - 1525-6014 (Electronic) IS - 0148-0545 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 3 DP - 2023 May TI - Toxicological effects of the Morinda citrifolia L. fruit extract on maternal reproduction and fetal development in rats. PG - 609-615 LID - 10.1080/01480545.2022.2070197 [doi] AB - Morinda citrifolia L., also known as Noni, is widely used plant in folk medicine for various therapeutic purposes. However, reports on its effects during pregnancy are limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the M. citrifolia fruit extract on maternal performance and fetal development during pregnancy in rats. Pregnant Wistar rats (n = 12/group) were treated from gestational days (GD) 0-21 with water (control group) or the aqueous extract of M. citrifolia fruit at doses of 200, 400, or 750 mg/kg, orally. During pregnancy, clinical signs of toxicity, maternal weight, feed intake, and water consumption were noted. On GD 21, the rats were anesthetized and blood was collected to evaluate various biochemical parameters. During laparotomy, reproductive performance parameters were recorded, and fetuses were weighed and the anomalies analyzed. Reduced placental efficiency and fetal growth restriction were observed in the group treated with 400 mg/kg of M. citrifolia extract. The highest dose (750 mg/kg) augmented aspartate aminotransferase concentration and preimplantation losses, while reducing the number of live fetuses. Furthermore, both doses (400 and 750 mg/kg) of the plant extract caused fetal anomalies. In conclusion, consumption of high doses of the M. citrifolia aqueous extrac during pregnancy leads to maternal hepatotoxicity, anti-implantation effects, intrauterine growth restriction and fetal abnormalities, indicating that the plant fruit extract can be harmful to both the mother and the fetus. FAU - Leal-Silva, Thais AU - Leal-Silva T AD - Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garcas, Brazil. FAU - Souza, Maysa Rocha AU - Souza MR AD - Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garcas, Brazil. AD - Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate Program on Gynecology Obstetrics and Mastology, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil. FAU - Cruz, Larissa Lopes AU - Cruz LL AD - Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garcas, Brazil. AD - Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate Program on Gynecology Obstetrics and Mastology, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil. FAU - Moraes-Souza, Rafaianne Queiroz AU - Moraes-Souza RQ AD - Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garcas, Brazil. AD - Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate Program on Gynecology Obstetrics and Mastology, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil. FAU - Paula, Veronyca Goncalves AU - Paula VG AD - Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garcas, Brazil. AD - Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate Program on Gynecology Obstetrics and Mastology, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil. FAU - Soares, Thaigra Sousa AU - Soares TS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4402-0241 AD - Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garcas, Brazil. FAU - Dela Justina, Vanessa AU - Dela Justina V AD - Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Barra do Garcas, Brazil. FAU - Giachini, Fernanda Regina AU - Giachini FR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2688-7204 AD - Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Health Sciences and Health, Barra do Garcas, Brazil. FAU - Damasceno, Debora Cristina AU - Damasceno DC AD - Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate Program on Gynecology Obstetrics and Mastology, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil. FAU - Americo, Madileine Francely AU - Americo MF AD - Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garcas, Brazil. FAU - Volpato, Gustavo Tadeu AU - Volpato GT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4753-3264 AD - Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garcas, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220502 PL - United States TA - Drug Chem Toxicol JT - Drug and chemical toxicology JID - 7801723 RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Female MH - Pregnancy MH - Rats MH - *Fetal Development/drug effects MH - Fruit MH - *Morinda/toxicity MH - *Placenta/drug effects MH - *Plant Extracts/pharmacology/toxicity MH - Rats, Wistar OTO - NOTNLM OT - Noni OT - anti-implantation OT - maternal toxicity OT - rats OT - teratogenicity EDAT- 2022/05/04 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/21 06:00 CRDT- 2022/05/03 02:52 PHST- 2022/05/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/03 02:52 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/01480545.2022.2070197 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Drug Chem Toxicol. 2023 May;46(3):609-615. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2070197. Epub 2022 May 2.