PMID- 35509840
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220506
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1942-0994 (Electronic)
IS  - 1942-0900 (Print)
IS  - 1942-0994 (Linking)
VI  - 2022
DP  - 2022
TI  - Antioxidative Stress and Antiapoptosis Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles to 
      Protect Cardiac Cell Damage on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat.
PG  - 3081397
LID - 10.1155/2022/3081397 [doi]
LID - 3081397
AB  - The antioxidant can inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis, which has a role in 
      an important mechanism on diabetic-induced cardiac cell damage. The research goal 
      was to prove the antioxidative stress and antiapoptosis effect of chitosan 
      nanoparticles as a cardioprotector in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. 
      Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) 
      characterize the chitosan nanoparticles. This research is a laboratory experiment 
      which consists of the control group (rats were given distilled water), the 
      streptozotocin group (rats were injected streptozotocin at dose of 55 mg/kg BW 
      i.p), and the chitosan nanoparticle group (rats were given streptozotocin at dose 
      55 mg/kg BW i.p, and then given chitosan nanoparticles at dose 75 mg/kg BW, 
      150 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW peroral). Creatine kinase-myoglobin (CK-MB) and 
      lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured from the blood sample. Malondialdehyde 
      (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) from cardiac 
      tissue were examined by ELISA; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) 
      was evaluated by western blotting; B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Caspase-3 
      expression were investigated by immunohistochemical staining and also were 
      evaluated histological preparation by hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining. The 
      chitosan nanoparticles have a rough surface and an irregular shape. Its size is 
      247.3 +/- 38.1 mum. Streptozotocin injection significantly increased the levels of 
      CK-MB, LDH, MDA, and expression of caspase-3. In contrast, the levels of SOD, 
      GPx, Nrf2, and expression of Bcl-2 decreased as compared with the control group 
      (p < 0.05). This is accompanied by the loss of normal cardiac cell structure and 
      necrosis. The administration of chitosan nanoparticles significantly reduced 
      levels of CK-MB, LDH, MDA, and expression of Caspase-3. However, the levels of 
      SOD, GPx, Nrf2, and expression of Bcl-2 increased as compared with the 
      streptozotocin group (p < 0.05). And also, chitosan nanoparticles inhibited cell 
      necrosis in diabetic rats. This study suggests that the administration of 
      chitosan nanoparticles can protect cardiac cell damage in diabetic rats through 
      antioxidative stress by decreasing ROS and increasing Nrf2 expression, level of 
      SOD, and GPx and through antiapoptosis by increasing expression of Bcl-2 and 
      decreasing expression of Caspase-3.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Giftania Wardani et al.
FAU - Wardani, Giftania
AU  - Wardani G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1050-4002
AD  - Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, 
      Surabaya, Indonesia.
AD  - Study Program of Pharmacy, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
FAU - Nugraha, Jusak
AU  - Nugraha J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6700-9921
AD  - Department of Clinical Pathology, Dr Soetomo Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, 
      Surabaya, Indonesia.
FAU - Mustafa, Mohd Rais
AU  - Mustafa MR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9587-6942
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 
      Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
FAU - Kurnijasanti, Rochmah
AU  - Kurnijasanti R
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univesitas Airlangga, 
      Surabaya, Indonesia.
FAU - Sudjarwo, Sri Agus
AU  - Sudjarwo SA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7998-7500
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univesitas Airlangga, 
      Surabaya, Indonesia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220425
PL  - United States
TA  - Oxid Med Cell Longev
JT  - Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
JID - 101479826
RN  - 0 (NF-E2-Related Factor 2)
RN  - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2)
RN  - 5W494URQ81 (Streptozocin)
RN  - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan)
RN  - EC 1.11.1.9 (Glutathione Peroxidase)
RN  - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 3)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Caspase 3/metabolism
MH  - *Chitosan/pharmacology
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
MH  - Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
MH  - NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
MH  - *Nanoparticles/chemistry
MH  - Necrosis
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Streptozocin/pharmacology
MH  - Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
PMC - PMC9060973
COIS- There are no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2022/05/06 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/07 06:00
PMCR- 2022/04/25
CRDT- 2022/05/05 02:31
PHST- 2022/01/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/03/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/04/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/05 02:31 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/05/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2022/3081397 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Apr 25;2022:3081397. doi: 10.1155/2022/3081397. 
      eCollection 2022.