PMID- 35526777 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20230224 IS - 2213-2201 (Electronic) IS - 2213-2198 (Print) VI - 10 IP - 7 DP - 2022 Jul TI - Practical Implementation of Genetics: New Concepts in Immunogenomics to Predict, Prevent, and Diagnose Drug Hypersensitivity. PG - 1689-1700 LID - S2213-2198(22)00471-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.027 [doi] AB - Delayed drug hypersensitivities are CD8(+) T cell-mediated reactions associated with up to 50% mortality. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are known to predispose disease and are specific to drug, reaction, and patient ethnicity. Pretreatment screening is recommended for a handful of the strongest associations to identify and prevent drug use in high-risk patients. However, an incomplete predictive value implicates other HLA-imposed risk factors, and low carriage of many identified HLA-risk alleles combined with the high cost of sequence-based typing has limited economic viability for similar recommendation of screening across drugs and health care systems. For mitigation, an expanding armory of low-cost polymerase chain reaction-based screens is being developed, and HLA-imposed risk factors are being discovered. These include (1) polymorphic variants of metabolic and endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase enzymes toward multiallelic screening with increased predictivity; (2) regulation by immune checkpoint inhibitors, enabling detolerized animal models of human disease; and (3) immunodominant T cell receptors (TCR) on clonally expanded CD8(+) T cells. For the latter, HLA risk-restricted TCR provides immunogenomic strategies and samples from a single patient to identify novel HLA-risk associations in underserved minority populations, tissue-relevant effector biomarkers toward earlier diagnosis and treatment, and HLA-TCR-presented immunogenic structures to aid future drug development. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Deshpande, Pooja AU - Deshpande P AD - Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Li, Yueran AU - Li Y AD - Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Thorne, Michael AU - Thorne M AD - Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. FAU - Palubinsky, Amy M AU - Palubinsky AM AD - Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn. FAU - Phillips, Elizabeth J AU - Phillips EJ AD - Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn. FAU - Gibson, Andrew AU - Gibson A AD - Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: a.gibson@iiid.murdoch.edu.au. LA - eng GR - P50 GM115305/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HG010863/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 AI154659/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220506 PL - United States TA - J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract JT - The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice JID - 101597220 RN - 0 (HLA Antigens) RN - 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell) SB - IM MH - *CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes MH - *Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis/genetics MH - HLA Antigens/genetics MH - Humans MH - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell PMC - PMC9948495 MID - NIHMS1870658 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Drug hypersensitivity OT - Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase OT - Human leukocyte antigen OT - Immunogenomics OT - Single-cell sequencing OT - T cell receptor COIS- Conflict-of-interest disclosure statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/05/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2023/02/23 CRDT- 2022/05/08 19:26 PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/08 19:26 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2213-2198(22)00471-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.027 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022 Jul;10(7):1689-1700. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.027. Epub 2022 May 6.