PMID- 35532600
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220511
LR  - 20220513
IS  - 2304-5272 (Electronic)
IS  - 2224-3151 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021 Jul-Dec
TI  - Economic burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus management: Epidemiological 
      determinants from a coastal community of Southern India.
PG  - 84-89
LID - 10.4103/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_20_21 [doi]
AB  - Expenditure on diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide and is determined by 
      multiple factors and knowledge about these factors may help to improve patient 
      management and reduce health-care cost. The present study aims to determine the 
      factors influencing the expenditure incurred by patients with type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM). A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 809 patients with 
      T2DM from a coastal community in Southern India. Expenditure incurred for the 
      management of T2DM in the previous year was collected using a predesigned survey 
      tool. Duration of disease, source of diabetes care, presence of comorbidities, 
      hospitalization, and adherence to medications were studied as potential cost 
      predictors. Age, gender, education, occupation, and socioeconomic status as key 
      determinants were evaluated. Expenditure incurred by patients with T2DM was 
      estimated to be INR 5041 (2516-11,224) annually while the presence of 
      comorbidities led to higher expenditure, INR 9133 (4034-19,053). Medication and 
      hospitalization were the major drivers of direct cost. Subjects visiting private 
      health facilities had a higher median cost with respect to diabetes-related care. 
      Advancing age, male gender, high socioeconomic status, higher literacy, and 
      longer duration of diabetes were identified as significant independent predictors 
      of cost on multivariate analysis. The high cost of diabetes supports the need for 
      strengthening public and private primary care facilities to provide standard care 
      for diabetes.
FAU - Eshwari, K
AU  - Eshwari K
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal 
      Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
FAU - Kamath, Veena G
AU  - Kamath VG
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal 
      Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
FAU - Rao, Chythra R
AU  - Rao CR
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal 
      Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
FAU - Kamath, Asha
AU  - Kamath A
AD  - Department of Data Sciences, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of 
      Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - India
TA  - WHO South East Asia J Public Health
JT  - WHO South-East Asia journal of public health
JID - 101589164
SB  - IM
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/therapy
MH  - *Financial Stress
MH  - Health Expenditures
MH  - Humans
MH  - India/epidemiology
MH  - Male
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Economic burden
OT  - health expenditure
OT  - hospitalization
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- None
EDAT- 2022/05/10 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/12 06:00
CRDT- 2022/05/09 10:58
PHST- 2022/05/09 10:58 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/05/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - WHOSouth-EastAsiaJPublicHealth_2021_10_2_84_344471 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_20_21 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - WHO South East Asia J Public Health. 2021 Jul-Dec;10(2):84-89. doi: 
      10.4103/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_20_21.